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\"\"
<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nBy Susan Friedman, Marketing Campaign Expert

I keep hearing that 5G<\/a> will require millions of small cells. Why is that?<\/strong>

Brian: Higher frequencies expected to be used by 5G<\/a> do not travel as far as lower frequencies used today, and also have a harder time penetrating walls, bridges, trees, or anything physical. To get around that, MNOs will deploy more cells that cover smaller areas serving fewer people albeit at much higher speeds, which will drive the proliferation of small cells.

Will 5G smartphones support 10Gb\/s?<\/strong>

Brian: Initially, probably not. 5G is expected to support a minimum of at least 100Mb\/s yet be capable of speeds as high as 10Gb\/s. The mobile infrastructure won’t be able to support hundreds of millions of people accessing the network at this top speed, at least early on and this is fine in most situations. Today, for example, watching video is the most bandwidth-intensive smartphone application, but it doesn’t consume anywhere near 10Gb\/s because there are only so many pixels in a smartphone screen to populate. With that bandwidth, who knows what future applications will be possible.

Will the market for 5G backhaul services be the same as it is for 4G<\/a>?<\/strong>

Brian: In North America today, most 4G<\/a> MNOs purchase backhaul from third-party service providers. This market will likely continue for 5G, albeit at much higher rates. I believe it will be increasingly done using dark fiber rather than packet-optical-based services, at least for the higher supported rates.

Will the Internet of Things (IoT) generate video traffic?
<\/strong>
Brian: It depends on what you classify as a “thing”. If it includes HD surveillance camera, for example, that runs on a cellular network, then yes, and lots of it. Smaller things, such as temperature sensors, will generate far less traffic, but there may be billions of them deployed, so it adds up quickly. For the most part, the challenge of IoT will likely be about the number of individual services, not capacity.

What’s driving the spike in mobile video traffic?<\/strong>

Brian: The answer is probably right in front of you! It’s mobile devices with HD cameras for one, that are feeding content into YouTube and Facebook, which are, in turn streamed to mobile devices more than anywhere else. When Facebook enabled auto-play on its videos it drove a massive increase in mobile bandwidth consumption overnight. Other sites have replicated this model, so I don’t see the trend slowing.

How will 5G change the wireline architecture that currently supports 4G mobile backhaul?<\/strong>

Brian: That will depend on MNO’s rollout patterns, how many users are on the network, and what limits they’ll set on speeds. Today MNOs typically feed a 1 Gb\/s Ethernet line to a 4G cell sites, of which an average of 200-300 Mb\/s is being used. With 5G, that same macro tower may need 10’s to 100’s of Gbps, which will require an enormous capacity upgrades to those towers.

Will fiber deployment patterns change when 5G is deployed?<\/strong>

Brian: Direct communication between cells is planned for 5G networks, skipping the connection to the packet core wherever possible, which would offload a lot of traffic. Those cells might be wired together directly in the shortest path, but I think traffic will mostly home back to a central location.

Should a service provider now planning to start a 4G deployment hold off until 5G?
<\/strong>
Brian: Yes, as there will be significant and time-consuming upgrades to the existing 4G wireline network that will ease 5G deployments, as soon as the latter technology arrives. There are many things that MNOs can do today, such as deploy more fiber to small and macro cells, that are compatible with both 4G networks of today, and 5G network of tomorrow.

<\/strong>Will the 5G backbone be physically and virtually separate from the 4G backbone?<\/strong>

Brian: Not physically. If, for example, a service provider has a 4G cell and wants to add 5G radios to that macro towers, they would likely end up sharing the aggregation and core network back to the data center, perhaps over different wavelengths or different parts of the network, L2\/L3 VPNs, or Optical VPNs. Rolling out completely separate networks for both it would become cost prohibitive quickly and much harder to get to ROI. Some parts of the network will be only for 5G, and some shared.

Will there be a relation between 5G and WiFi?
<\/strong>
Brian: Yes. The Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) that is expected to achieve the require geographic coverage for 5G will include a wide variety of cells such as pico, femto, micro, small, and even WiFi, which all serve a smaller area than traditional macro cells via spectrum reuse. People will still want to use WiFi to avoid affecting their cellular usage caps, with many of those coffee-shop WiFi access points being owned by MNOs.

How will 5G latency be lower if processing is being done in the cloud?<\/strong>

Brian: Latency in the case of 5G refers to over-the-air latency, between the user device and the radio access network radio. To reduce overall latency, service providers will need to put data much closer to end-users, which is why some MNOs are considering leasing space at their cell sites to host data and applications for content providers, particularly in large urban centers. Ultimately, the placement of data and processing will be determined by the supported 5G application. The Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) initiative will play a major role in addressing this important challenge.

What impact will 5G have on backhaul networks?<\/strong>

Brian: Data received at the 5G radio located in a cell site<\/a> won’t go anywhere without fiber. That’s why many large MNOs are buying large fiber footprints. They know that fiber and its geographic footprint will ultimately dictate the performance and commercial success of their 5G services and applications.

To know more about mobile backhaul, download Ciena's EBOOK

<\/a><\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":66807247,"title":"Russia plans stiffer fines for tech firms that break rules","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/russia-plans-stiffer-fines-for-tech-firms-that-break-rules\/66807247","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"telecomnews"}],"related_content":[],"msid":66807811,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"12 Questions Answered on 5G Networks","synopsis":"Brand Connect Initiative: Planning for 5G is well underway, with Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) already taking 5G into consideration as they architect new network builds. Ciena\u2019s resident expert, Brian Lavall\u00e9e, talks 5G rollouts and how ultimate success will depend MNOs making sure that they have fiber in place for the massive bandwidth increases that are sure to come as 5G comes online.","titleseo":"telecomnews\/12-questions-answered-on-5g-networks","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":1671,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":5926000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2018-11-26 14:43:27","lastupd":"2018-11-26 14:59:41","breadcrumbTags":["dark fibre","5G","4G","Cell site","Small cell"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"telecomnews\/12-questions-answered-on-5g-networks"}}" data-authors="[" "]" data-category-name="" data-category_id="" data-date="2018-11-26" data-index="article_1">

12个问题回答5 g网络

品牌连接计划:计划5 g的顺利开展,与移动网络运营商(MNOs)已经考虑到5克,建筑师新的网络构建。Ciena的常驻专家布莱恩·Lavallee会谈5 g发布和最终的成功取决于如何MNOs确保他们有光纤的巨大带宽的增加肯定会是5克上线。

  • 更新于2018年11月26日下午02:59坚持
阅读: 100年行业专业人士
读者的形象读到100年行业专业人士
营销活动(苏珊•弗里德曼(milton Friedman)专家

我一直听说5克需要数以百万计的小细胞。这是为什么呢?

布莱恩:更高的频率将使用5克不旅行今天低频率使用,也难以穿透墙壁,桥梁,树木,或任何物理。绕过,MNOs将部署更多细胞覆盖较小的地区提供更少的人尽管在更高的速度,这将推动小细胞的增殖。

将5 g智能手机支持10 gb / s ?

布莱恩:最初,大概没有。5克预计将支持至少100 mb / s的最低但能够速度高达10 gb / s。移动基础设施无法支持成千上万的人访问网络速度上面,至少在早期,这在大多数情况下是没问题的。今天,例如,看视频是最超宽带视频的智能手机应用程序,但它不消耗接近10 gb / s,因为只有很多智能手机屏幕像素填充。带宽,谁知道未来的应用将是可能的。

广告
5 g回程服务市场会是一样的吗4 g吗?

布莱恩:今天在北美,最多4 gMNOs从第三方服务提供商购买回程。这个市场可能持续5克,不过利率要高出许多。我相信它会越来越多地使用深色纤维而不是packet-optical-based服务,至少对于支持利率就越高。

将物联网(物联网)生成视频流量吗?
布莱恩:这取决于你分类作为一个“东西”。例如,如果它包括高清监控摄像头手机网络上运行,那么是的,很多。小事,如温度传感器,将产生更少的交通,但他们可能有数十亿的部署,所以加起来很快。在大多数情况下,物联网的挑战可能会对单个服务的数量,而不是能力。

推动移动视频流量激增是什么?

布莱恩:答案可能就在你的面前!用高清摄像机的移动设备,喂养内容到YouTube和Facebook,反过来流到移动设备,超过其他任何地方。当Facebook启用自动播放的视频它一夜之间移动带宽消耗大量增加。其他网站复制这种模式,所以我看不出这一趋势放缓。

5 g将如何改变目前的有线架构支持4 g移动回程吗?

布莱恩:这将取决于MNO的推广模式,网络上有多少用户,限制了他们的速度。今天MNOs通常喂1 Gb / s以太网线4 g细胞网站,其中平均200 - 300 Mb / s。5 g,同样宏塔可能需要10到100 Gbps的,这需要一个巨大的容量升级塔。

广告
将光纤部署模式改变时5 g部署?

布莱恩:细胞间直接通信计划5 g网络,跳过尽可能到包芯的连接,从而将大量的流量。这些细胞可能是直接连接在一起的最短路径,但我认为交通将主要家回到中心位置。

服务提供者应该现在打算开始一个4 g部署拖延到5克?
布莱恩:是的,因为将会有重大的和费时的升级现有的4 g有线网络,将缓解5 g部署,一旦后者技术的到来。有许多MNOs今天可以做的事情,比如小型和宏观部署更多的纤维细胞,同时兼容4 g网络的今天,和明天5 g网络。

 5 g骨干将身体和几乎独立于4 g骨干?

布莱恩:不是身体上。例如,如果一个服务提供者有4 g细胞和想要加5 g收音机宏塔,他们最终可能会共享聚合和核心网络数据中心,也许在不同的波长或网络的不同部分,L2和L3 vpn或光学vpn。推出了完全独立的网络迅速将花费过高和更难的ROI。网络的某些部分将只有5 g,以及一些共享。

5 g WiFi会有关系吗?
布莱恩:是的。异构网络(HetNet),预计达到需要的地理覆盖5 g将包括各种各样的细胞如皮科、毫微微,微,小,甚至WiFi,所有服务的面积小于传统宏观细胞通过频谱重用。人们仍然会想使用无线网络,以避免影响他们的细胞使用上限,其中许多咖啡馆经营无线接入点被MNOs拥有。

如何降低5 g延迟如果在云处理完成?

布莱恩:延迟的情况下5 g指的是无线延迟、用户设备和无线接入网络之间的收音机。降低整体延迟,服务提供者将需要把数据更接近最终用户,这就是为什么一些MNOs细胞正在考虑租赁空间网站为内容提供商主机数据和应用程序,尤其是在大型城市中心。最终,数据和处理的位置将由支持5 g应用程序。移动边缘计算(MEC)计划将发挥重要作用在解决这个重要的挑战。

5 g在回程网络将产生何种影响?

布莱恩:数据在5克电台位于手机网站不会去任何地方没有纤维。这就是为什么许多大型MNOs购买大型纤维的足迹。他们知道纤维及其地理足迹将最终决定的性能和商业成功的5 g服务和应用程序。

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  • 发布于2018年11月26日下午02:43坚持

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\"\"
<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nBy Susan Friedman, Marketing Campaign Expert

I keep hearing that 5G<\/a> will require millions of small cells. Why is that?<\/strong>

Brian: Higher frequencies expected to be used by 5G<\/a> do not travel as far as lower frequencies used today, and also have a harder time penetrating walls, bridges, trees, or anything physical. To get around that, MNOs will deploy more cells that cover smaller areas serving fewer people albeit at much higher speeds, which will drive the proliferation of small cells.

Will 5G smartphones support 10Gb\/s?<\/strong>

Brian: Initially, probably not. 5G is expected to support a minimum of at least 100Mb\/s yet be capable of speeds as high as 10Gb\/s. The mobile infrastructure won’t be able to support hundreds of millions of people accessing the network at this top speed, at least early on and this is fine in most situations. Today, for example, watching video is the most bandwidth-intensive smartphone application, but it doesn’t consume anywhere near 10Gb\/s because there are only so many pixels in a smartphone screen to populate. With that bandwidth, who knows what future applications will be possible.

Will the market for 5G backhaul services be the same as it is for 4G<\/a>?<\/strong>

Brian: In North America today, most 4G<\/a> MNOs purchase backhaul from third-party service providers. This market will likely continue for 5G, albeit at much higher rates. I believe it will be increasingly done using dark fiber rather than packet-optical-based services, at least for the higher supported rates.

Will the Internet of Things (IoT) generate video traffic?
<\/strong>
Brian: It depends on what you classify as a “thing”. If it includes HD surveillance camera, for example, that runs on a cellular network, then yes, and lots of it. Smaller things, such as temperature sensors, will generate far less traffic, but there may be billions of them deployed, so it adds up quickly. For the most part, the challenge of IoT will likely be about the number of individual services, not capacity.

What’s driving the spike in mobile video traffic?<\/strong>

Brian: The answer is probably right in front of you! It’s mobile devices with HD cameras for one, that are feeding content into YouTube and Facebook, which are, in turn streamed to mobile devices more than anywhere else. When Facebook enabled auto-play on its videos it drove a massive increase in mobile bandwidth consumption overnight. Other sites have replicated this model, so I don’t see the trend slowing.

How will 5G change the wireline architecture that currently supports 4G mobile backhaul?<\/strong>

Brian: That will depend on MNO’s rollout patterns, how many users are on the network, and what limits they’ll set on speeds. Today MNOs typically feed a 1 Gb\/s Ethernet line to a 4G cell sites, of which an average of 200-300 Mb\/s is being used. With 5G, that same macro tower may need 10’s to 100’s of Gbps, which will require an enormous capacity upgrades to those towers.

Will fiber deployment patterns change when 5G is deployed?<\/strong>

Brian: Direct communication between cells is planned for 5G networks, skipping the connection to the packet core wherever possible, which would offload a lot of traffic. Those cells might be wired together directly in the shortest path, but I think traffic will mostly home back to a central location.

Should a service provider now planning to start a 4G deployment hold off until 5G?
<\/strong>
Brian: Yes, as there will be significant and time-consuming upgrades to the existing 4G wireline network that will ease 5G deployments, as soon as the latter technology arrives. There are many things that MNOs can do today, such as deploy more fiber to small and macro cells, that are compatible with both 4G networks of today, and 5G network of tomorrow.

<\/strong>Will the 5G backbone be physically and virtually separate from the 4G backbone?<\/strong>

Brian: Not physically. If, for example, a service provider has a 4G cell and wants to add 5G radios to that macro towers, they would likely end up sharing the aggregation and core network back to the data center, perhaps over different wavelengths or different parts of the network, L2\/L3 VPNs, or Optical VPNs. Rolling out completely separate networks for both it would become cost prohibitive quickly and much harder to get to ROI. Some parts of the network will be only for 5G, and some shared.

Will there be a relation between 5G and WiFi?
<\/strong>
Brian: Yes. The Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) that is expected to achieve the require geographic coverage for 5G will include a wide variety of cells such as pico, femto, micro, small, and even WiFi, which all serve a smaller area than traditional macro cells via spectrum reuse. People will still want to use WiFi to avoid affecting their cellular usage caps, with many of those coffee-shop WiFi access points being owned by MNOs.

How will 5G latency be lower if processing is being done in the cloud?<\/strong>

Brian: Latency in the case of 5G refers to over-the-air latency, between the user device and the radio access network radio. To reduce overall latency, service providers will need to put data much closer to end-users, which is why some MNOs are considering leasing space at their cell sites to host data and applications for content providers, particularly in large urban centers. Ultimately, the placement of data and processing will be determined by the supported 5G application. The Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) initiative will play a major role in addressing this important challenge.

What impact will 5G have on backhaul networks?<\/strong>

Brian: Data received at the 5G radio located in a cell site<\/a> won’t go anywhere without fiber. That’s why many large MNOs are buying large fiber footprints. They know that fiber and its geographic footprint will ultimately dictate the performance and commercial success of their 5G services and applications.

To know more about mobile backhaul, download Ciena's EBOOK

<\/a><\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":66807247,"title":"Russia plans stiffer fines for tech firms that break rules","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/russia-plans-stiffer-fines-for-tech-firms-that-break-rules\/66807247","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"telecomnews"}],"related_content":[],"msid":66807811,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"12 Questions Answered on 5G Networks","synopsis":"Brand Connect Initiative: Planning for 5G is well underway, with Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) already taking 5G into consideration as they architect new network builds. Ciena\u2019s resident expert, Brian Lavall\u00e9e, talks 5G rollouts and how ultimate success will depend MNOs making sure that they have fiber in place for the massive bandwidth increases that are sure to come as 5G comes online.","titleseo":"telecomnews\/12-questions-answered-on-5g-networks","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":1671,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":5926000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2018-11-26 14:43:27","lastupd":"2018-11-26 14:59:41","breadcrumbTags":["dark fibre","5G","4G","Cell site","Small cell"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"telecomnews\/12-questions-answered-on-5g-networks"}}" data-news_link="//www.iser-br.com/news/12-questions-answered-on-5g-networks/66807811">