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好斗的抖音创始人张一鸣竞相拯救应用
据知情人士透露，抖音母公司字节跳动的风险投资者已经向张磊提出了一系列建议，以解决美国对这款短视频应用构成安全威胁的担忧。
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爱立信将通过Jabil在印度增加生产，为5G部署提供服务，为2000人创造就业机会
爱立信印度公司的一份声明称，爱立信印度公司还将在浦那建立一个技术中心，加上产能的扩大，将为印度浦那创造多达2000人的就业机会。
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TikTok母公司的风险投资者ByteDance据知情人士透露，腾讯已经向张志军提出了一系列建议，以解决美国对这款短视频应用构成安全威胁的担忧。这些人说，其中包括将TikTok的多数股权出售给美国利益集团，可能是战略投资者，也可能是风险投资公司本身。由于谈判是私下进行的，这些人要求不具名。
到目前为止，控制该公司的张朝阳对此表示拒绝。他试图在美国建立TikTok的业务，聘请了一位美国首席执行官，并向监管机构保证用户数据不会在国外共享。TikTok还加强了在华盛顿特区的游说，表示将在美国创造1万个就业机会，并设立了2亿美元的基金来支持美国明星。
“我们正在走上一条技术民族主义的道路，”智库新美国(New America)网络安全政策和中国数字经济研究员萨姆·萨克斯(Samm Sacks)说。
特朗普有能力削弱这个行业。总统可以将TikTok加入美国实体名单，这将迫使苹果公司和Alphabet公司的谷歌等美国公司从他们的应用商店中删除该服务。此外，美国外国投资委员会，更广为人知的是外国投资委员会美国政府正在审查字节跳动2017年收购抖音业务的交易，可能会强制分拆。任何一项举措都将打击该公司的价值。
这让与张朝阳关系密切的人加快了步伐，要求他们迅速采取行动，以保护特许经营权的价值。下面是张勇、字节跳动及其投资者拯救TikTok的几种情况。
把TikTok卖给美国投资者
包括红杉资本(Sequoia Capital)在内的字节跳动的风险投资者敦促张勇出售TikTok的多数股权。他们的想法是，TikTok可能会成为一家美国公司，而字节跳动则保留少数股权。据一名参与谈判的人士透露，这种情况已经讨论了几个月，出现了各种不同的情况，包括一群风险投资公司或战略合作伙伴购买额外的股权。
抖音在一份声明中表示:“自两周前公开宣布我们正在评估对抖音业务的公司结构进行调整以来，没有参与公司内部讨论的外部人士提出了许多建议。”“我们不对谣言或猜测发表评论。我们对TikTok的长期成功非常有信心，当我们有消息要宣布时，我们会公布我们的计划。”
这笔交易的最大障碍是张勇希望保持对TikTok的控制权。他之所以拒绝，是因为他认为这项服务正在演变成与Facebook Inc.和谷歌一样的少数几家大型在线广告公司之一。他已经忍受了TikTok在印度的禁令，印度是该公司用户最多的市场。他的本能是战斗。他曾因政治敏感内容与北京当局发生争执，也曾因侵犯版权的指控与中国出版商发生争执。
价格是另一个挑战。TikTok的价值正在飙升，估计在200亿美元到400亿美元之间。真正的希望是在未来，如果它能遵循Facebook或谷歌的增长路径。风险投资者还不清楚，他们还包括一般的大西洋一位知情人士说，阿里巴巴和软银集团(SoftBank Group Corp.)可以筹集到足够的资金，以令张勇满意的价格收购阿里巴巴的多数股权。
由于时间紧迫，任何协议都将面临巨大风险。买家可能不得不在不知道美国政府是否会放弃禁令的情况下与字节跳动达成协议。一位风险投资者说，按时完成交易基本上是不可能的。
出售Just TikTok的美国业务
这位人士说，正在讨论的一个更温和的方案是分离TikTok的美国业务，而字节跳动在世界其他地区保留全部所有权。这将使风投公司更能负担得起这笔交易，并允许张勇保留对大部分业务的控制权。它还可能安抚美国监管机构，因为用户数据将由一家当地公司控制。
美国在字节跳动的整体业务中所占比例相对较小。据Sensor Tower估计，TikTok应用程序在中国的下载量已超过1.65亿次，而包括中国在内的全球下载量超过20亿次。
美国版TikTok的缺点是，它将失去全球公司的协同效应。涌向该服务的广告商将不得不与两个不同的实体打交道。开发TikTok软件的工程师也可能难以应对分布在不同地理区域的用户群。如果这家美国企业继续使用来自北京总部的算法和知识产权，美国政界人士可能仍会对安全问题感到担忧。
把字节跳动分拆到中国和其他地方
另一种更具戏剧性的选择是张勇将字节跳动的中国业务和海外业务分开。从理论上讲，他可以在美国或英国设立全球总部，负责字节跳动在美国以外的所有业务。虽然他的公司最出名的是TikTok，但它是一家雄心勃勃的软件开发商，拥有流行的新闻、娱乐等智能手机应用程序。乐动扑克这种分拆将积极解决人们对中国控制字节跳动整个应用系列的担忧。
该公司在中国的业务已经相当庞大，而且还在快速增长。抖音的国内版本抖音的业务比该短视频服务在国外的业务更大。字节跳动还在中国拓展包括教育在内的新服务领域。
让字节跳动成为一家美国公司
也许最不可能的选择是张小龙搬到美国，在那里经营字节跳动。随着字节跳动的海外扩张，这位龙岩人近年来在加州度过的时间越来越多。一位人士说，针对特殊员工的美国签证项目几乎肯定会覆盖这位创始人，这意味着他可能在不到一年的时间内成为美国公民。这位知情人士说，默多克(Rupert Murdoch)或埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)将成为类似的人物。
这样的举动在他的祖国会引起很大争议。移居海外的中国人通常会保持低调，以免成为众目睽睽之下的焦点。
TikTok已经聘请前迪士尼高管凯文·梅耶尔担任首席执行官，他还担任字节跳动的首席运营官。
该公司发言人表示:“TikTok由一位美国首席执行官领导，在美国有数百名员工和负责安全、安保、产品和公共政策的关键领导人。”“我们从未向中国政府提供用户数据，如果被要求，我们也不会这么做。”
纳瓦罗曾表示，把TikTok卖给美国买家是不够的。
“如果TikTok作为一家美国公司分离出来，对我们没有帮助，”他本月说。“因为情况会更糟——我们将不得不给中国数十亿美元，换取让TikTok在美国本土运营的特权。”
最后，张靓颖可能会选择什么都不做，等特朗普的决定做出后再处理。根据CB Insights的数据，字节跳动已经是世界上最有价值的初创公司。据一位知情人士透露，该公司上次正式融资时的估值为750亿美元，今年早些时候在私人股票交易中飙升至高达1,400亿美元。
这位知情人士说，虽然美国对TikTok的禁令会损害这一庞大的总额，但字节跳动的估值可能仍将保持在1,000亿美元以上。清晰的信息还能让这位CEO专注于打造中国互联网领域的下一个主要竞争对手腾讯而且阿里巴巴集团．几个月来，投资银行家们不顾美国的威胁，一直在劝说张朝阳进行首次公开募股(ipo)，因为投资者对新股非常渴望。这是该公司业务稳定的一个迹象，尽管该公司曾表示不急于上市。
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Venture investors in TikTok parent ByteDance<\/a> have approached Zhang with a range of proposals to address U.S. concerns that the short-video app is a security threat, according to people familiar with the matter. They include selling a majority stake in TikTok to American interests, perhaps strategic investors or the venture firms themselves, said the people, asking not to be identified because the talks are private.
Zhang, who controls the company, has so far resisted. He\u2019s tried building up TikTok\u2019s operations in the U.S., hiring an American chief executive officer and reassuring regulators that user data will not be shared outside the country. TikTok has also stepped up its lobbying in Washington, D.C., signaled it would create 10,000 jobs in the country and created a $200 million fund to support U.S. stars.
<\/div><\/div>It hasn\u2019t been enough. This month, Donald Trump<\/a> said he\u2019s considering banning the app in the U.S., while adviser Peter Navarro said the app would face penalties for \u201cinformation warfare\u201d against the U.S. A decision is likely to come before the elections in November so time is running short for Zhang.
\u201cWe are moving down a path of techno-nationalism,\u201d says Samm Sacks, a fellow on cybersecurity policy and China digital economy at the New America think tank.
Trump has the power to cripple the business. The president could add TikTok to the U.S. entity list, which would compel American companies such as Apple Inc. and Alphabet Inc.\u2019s Google to drop the service from their app stores. In addition, the U.S. Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S., better known as CFIUS<\/a>, is reviewing ByteDance\u2019s 2017 purchase of the business that became TikTok and could force a spinoff. Either move would hammer the value of the business.
That has people close to Zhang stepping up their push for quick action to preserve the value of the franchise. Here is a look at several scenarios for Zhang, ByteDance and its investors to save TikTok.
Sell TikTok to U.S. investors
<\/strong>
ByteDance\u2019s venture investors, including Sequoia Capital, have urged Zhang to sell a majority stake in TikTok. The idea is that TikTok could become a U.S. company, while ByteDance retains a minority stake. This scenario has been discussed for months with various iterations, including a group of venture firms or strategic partners buying the additional equity, according to one person involved in the talks.
\u201cWe are moving down a path of techno-nationalism,\u201d says Samm Sacks, a fellow on cybersecurity policy and China digital economy at the New America think tank.
Trump has the power to cripple the business. The president could add TikTok to the U.S. entity list, which would compel American companies such as Apple Inc. and Alphabet Inc.\u2019s Google to drop the service from their app stores. In addition, the U.S. Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S., better known as CFIUS<\/a>, is reviewing ByteDance\u2019s 2017 purchase of the business that became TikTok and could force a spinoff. Either move would hammer the value of the business.
That has people close to Zhang stepping up their push for quick action to preserve the value of the franchise. Here is a look at several scenarios for Zhang, ByteDance and its investors to save TikTok.
Sell TikTok to U.S. investors
<\/strong>
ByteDance\u2019s venture investors, including Sequoia Capital, have urged Zhang to sell a majority stake in TikTok. The idea is that TikTok could become a U.S. company, while ByteDance retains a minority stake. This scenario has been discussed for months with various iterations, including a group of venture firms or strategic partners buying the additional equity, according to one person involved in the talks.
<\/div><\/div>Talks are detailed enough that they\u2019ve debated whether ByteDance should continue to hold any board seats and whether U.S. authorities would likely back off, the person said. Neil Shen, the head of Sequoia China who backed the startup early on, has supported this idea. Sequoia declined to comment.
\u201cSince publicly announcing two weeks ago that we are evaluating changes to the corporate structure of the TikTok business, there have been numerous suggestions made by external people not involved in the company\u2019s internal discussions,\u201d TikTok said in a statement. \u201cWe do not comment on rumours or speculation. We are very confident in the long-term success of TikTok and will make our plans public when we have something to announce.\u201d
The biggest hurdle to such a deal is Zhang\u2019s desire to keep control of TikTok. He has resisted because he thinks the service is evolving into one of a handful of major online advertising businesses, alongside Facebook Inc. and Google. He has already endured a TikTok ban in India, its largest market by users. His instincts are to fight. He has scrapped with the authorities in Beijing over politically sensitive content and with Chinese publishers over allegations of copyright infringement.
Price is another challenge. TikTok\u2019s value is surging, with estimates ranging from $20 billion to $40 billion. The real promise is in the future if it can follow the growth path of Facebook or Google. It\u2019s not clear venture investors, which also include General Atlantic<\/a> and SoftBank Group Corp., could raise enough capital to buy a majority stake at a price that would satisfy Zhang, one person said.
Any deal would also face enormous risks because time is running short. Buyers may have to agree to a deal with ByteDance without knowing whether the U.S. government would then forgo a ban. One venture investor said it\u2019s essentially impossible to complete a deal in time.
Sell Just TikTok\u2019s U.S. business
<\/strong>
A more modest scenario under discussion is separating TikTok\u2019s U.S. operations, while ByteDance retains full ownership in the rest of the world, the person said. This would make the deal more affordable for venture firms and would allow Zhang to retain control over most of the operations. It may also assuage U.S. regulators because user data would be under the control of a local company.
The U.S. is a relatively modest part of ByteDance\u2019s overall business. The TikTok app has been downloaded more than 165 million times in the country, according to Sensor Tower estimates, compared with more than 2 billion times globally, including its Chinese equivalent.
The drawback of a U.S. TikTok is that the operation would lose the synergies of a global company. Advertisers that have flocked to the service would have to deal with two different entities. Engineers working on TikTok\u2019s software may also struggle to deal with user bases that are segmented into different geographic regions. If the U.S. business continues to use algorithms and intellectual property from Beijing headquarters, American politicians may still have concerns over security.
Split ByteDance into China and everywhere else
<\/strong>
A more dramatic alternative would be for Zhang to separate ByteDance in China and abroad. In theory, he could set up a global headquarters in the U.S. or the U.K. to run all of ByteDance\u2019s businesses outside of his home country. Although his company is best known for TikTok, it is an ambitious software developer, with popular smartphone apps for news, entertainment and more. Such a separation would proactively address concerns about Chinese control over ByteDance\u2019s entire family of apps.
The company\u2019s China business, already substantial, is growing fast. The domestic version of TikTok, Douyin, is a bigger business than the short-video service has outside the country. ByteDance is also expanding in the country into new services, including education.
Make ByteDance an American company
<\/strong>
Perhaps the most unlikely option would be for Zhang to move to the U.S. and run ByteDance from there. The native of Longyan has spent an increasing amount of time in California in recent years as ByteDance has expanded abroad. The U.S. visa programs for exceptional workers would almost certainly cover the founder, meaning he could become a citizen in less than a year, one person said. Parallels would be Rupert Murdoch or Elon Musk, the person said.
Such a move would be very controversial in his home country. Chinese who move abroad typically keep a low profile to avoid becoming a lighting rod.
TikTok has already hired former Walt Disney executive Kevin Mayer as chief executive officer and he also serves as chief operating officer of ByteDance.
\u201cTikTok is led by an American CEO, with hundreds of employees and key leaders across safety, security, product, and public policy here in the U.S.,\u201d a company spokesperson has said. \u201cWe have never provided user data to the Chinese government, nor would we do so if asked.\u201d
Navarro has said that selling TikTok to American buyers wouldn\u2019t be enough.
\u201cIf TikTok separates as an American company, that doesn\u2019t help us,\u201d he said this month. \u201cBecause it\u2019s going to be worse -- we\u2019re going to have to give China billions of dollars for the privilege of having TikTok operate on U.S. soil.\u201d
In the end, Zhang may opt to do nothing and deal with Trump\u2019s decision after it\u2019s made. ByteDance is already the most valuable startup in the world, according to CB Insights. Its valuation, $75 billion during its last official fundraising, surged to as much as $140 billion in private share transactions earlier this year, according to one person close to the matter.
While a U.S. ban on TikTok would hurt that lofty total, ByteDance\u2019s valuation would likely remain above $100 billion, the person said. Clarity would also allow the CEO to focus on building the next major competitor on China\u2019s internet, beside Tencent<\/a> and Alibaba Group<\/a>. Investment bankers have pitched Zhang for months on an initial public offering, despite the U.S. threats, because investors are so hungry for new offerings. That\u2019s a sign of the business\u2019s stability, even though the company has said it\u2019s in no rush to go public.
<\/div><\/div>
\u201cSince publicly announcing two weeks ago that we are evaluating changes to the corporate structure of the TikTok business, there have been numerous suggestions made by external people not involved in the company\u2019s internal discussions,\u201d TikTok said in a statement. \u201cWe do not comment on rumours or speculation. We are very confident in the long-term success of TikTok and will make our plans public when we have something to announce.\u201d
The biggest hurdle to such a deal is Zhang\u2019s desire to keep control of TikTok. He has resisted because he thinks the service is evolving into one of a handful of major online advertising businesses, alongside Facebook Inc. and Google. He has already endured a TikTok ban in India, its largest market by users. His instincts are to fight. He has scrapped with the authorities in Beijing over politically sensitive content and with Chinese publishers over allegations of copyright infringement.
Price is another challenge. TikTok\u2019s value is surging, with estimates ranging from $20 billion to $40 billion. The real promise is in the future if it can follow the growth path of Facebook or Google. It\u2019s not clear venture investors, which also include General Atlantic<\/a> and SoftBank Group Corp., could raise enough capital to buy a majority stake at a price that would satisfy Zhang, one person said.
Any deal would also face enormous risks because time is running short. Buyers may have to agree to a deal with ByteDance without knowing whether the U.S. government would then forgo a ban. One venture investor said it\u2019s essentially impossible to complete a deal in time.
Sell Just TikTok\u2019s U.S. business
<\/strong>
A more modest scenario under discussion is separating TikTok\u2019s U.S. operations, while ByteDance retains full ownership in the rest of the world, the person said. This would make the deal more affordable for venture firms and would allow Zhang to retain control over most of the operations. It may also assuage U.S. regulators because user data would be under the control of a local company.
The U.S. is a relatively modest part of ByteDance\u2019s overall business. The TikTok app has been downloaded more than 165 million times in the country, according to Sensor Tower estimates, compared with more than 2 billion times globally, including its Chinese equivalent.
The drawback of a U.S. TikTok is that the operation would lose the synergies of a global company. Advertisers that have flocked to the service would have to deal with two different entities. Engineers working on TikTok\u2019s software may also struggle to deal with user bases that are segmented into different geographic regions. If the U.S. business continues to use algorithms and intellectual property from Beijing headquarters, American politicians may still have concerns over security.
Split ByteDance into China and everywhere else
<\/strong>
A more dramatic alternative would be for Zhang to separate ByteDance in China and abroad. In theory, he could set up a global headquarters in the U.S. or the U.K. to run all of ByteDance\u2019s businesses outside of his home country. Although his company is best known for TikTok, it is an ambitious software developer, with popular smartphone apps for news, entertainment and more. Such a separation would proactively address concerns about Chinese control over ByteDance\u2019s entire family of apps.
The company\u2019s China business, already substantial, is growing fast. The domestic version of TikTok, Douyin, is a bigger business than the short-video service has outside the country. ByteDance is also expanding in the country into new services, including education.
Make ByteDance an American company
<\/strong>
Perhaps the most unlikely option would be for Zhang to move to the U.S. and run ByteDance from there. The native of Longyan has spent an increasing amount of time in California in recent years as ByteDance has expanded abroad. The U.S. visa programs for exceptional workers would almost certainly cover the founder, meaning he could become a citizen in less than a year, one person said. Parallels would be Rupert Murdoch or Elon Musk, the person said.
Such a move would be very controversial in his home country. Chinese who move abroad typically keep a low profile to avoid becoming a lighting rod.
TikTok has already hired former Walt Disney executive Kevin Mayer as chief executive officer and he also serves as chief operating officer of ByteDance.
\u201cTikTok is led by an American CEO, with hundreds of employees and key leaders across safety, security, product, and public policy here in the U.S.,\u201d a company spokesperson has said. \u201cWe have never provided user data to the Chinese government, nor would we do so if asked.\u201d
Navarro has said that selling TikTok to American buyers wouldn\u2019t be enough.
\u201cIf TikTok separates as an American company, that doesn\u2019t help us,\u201d he said this month. \u201cBecause it\u2019s going to be worse -- we\u2019re going to have to give China billions of dollars for the privilege of having TikTok operate on U.S. soil.\u201d
In the end, Zhang may opt to do nothing and deal with Trump\u2019s decision after it\u2019s made. ByteDance is already the most valuable startup in the world, according to CB Insights. Its valuation, $75 billion during its last official fundraising, surged to as much as $140 billion in private share transactions earlier this year, according to one person close to the matter.
While a U.S. ban on TikTok would hurt that lofty total, ByteDance\u2019s valuation would likely remain above $100 billion, the person said. Clarity would also allow the CEO to focus on building the next major competitor on China\u2019s internet, beside Tencent<\/a> and Alibaba Group<\/a>. Investment bankers have pitched Zhang for months on an initial public offering, despite the U.S. threats, because investors are so hungry for new offerings. That\u2019s a sign of the business\u2019s stability, even though the company has said it\u2019s in no rush to go public.
<\/div><\/div>
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The idea is that TikTok could become a U.S. company, while ByteDance retains a minority stake. "}]" data-newsletter-by="0" data-newsletter-date="a" data-hasbottomcarousel="" data-alldetailsopen="0" data-multipleanalyticshit="" data-deeplink="https://ettelecom.app.link?$deeplink_path=" data-socialshareformat="default">
