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HAVANA: Cubans suffering long lines for food, fuel and medicine now have a new problem: painfully slow internet<\/a>.
Internet service, never speedy in a country that first authorized cellular data only five years ago, has slowed to a crawl in recent months, leading to an outcry from many island residents, who say it is hitting both work and pleasure.
Jorge Noris, a 36-year-old IT engineer, said he has begun waking up at odd hours of the morning, when most Cubans are still asleep and offline, to upload his content to online servers.
\"The internet keeps getting worse and worse and we're reaching the point where getting online is becoming impossible for the average Cuban,\" he said.
Cable.co.uk, a company that compares internet speeds, ranked Cuba 203 of 220 countries surveyed during a 12-month period ending June 30, 2022, the slowest in Latin America.
A five gigabyte movie that downloads in little more than 5 minutes in the United States can take 3.5 hours to transfer in Cuba, the survey showed.
Cubans like Noris have little choice. A state-run telecommunications firm, ETECSA<\/a>, has a monopoly on the market in the communist-run country.
ETECSA head Tania Velazquez recently told state-run media a vast increase in users in 2022 had bogged down already decrepit infrastructure in need of modernization.
\"In 2022 we registered ... more than one million new users seeking access to the internet,\" she said. That had contributed to a 63% increase in the volume of traffic, she said, noting that Cuba's sputtering economy had made it impossible to upgrade vital technology at the same rate.
Cuba's telecommunications revenue in foreign currency began to slide after Cuba devalued its peso in January 2021, spawning a black market exchange sometimes eight times the official rate.
Cubans who once depended on family to recharge their internet accounts from abroad using foreign currency exchanged at the official rate now opt to exchange dollars on the black market, then purchase internet data in peso packages.
As a result, Cuba's revenue in dollars derived from the \"export\" of telecommunication and information services plunged 80% in 2021 alone, from a peak of over $8 billion in 2020, according to national statistics agency ONEI. Data for 2022 is not yet available.
Cuba's ETECSA has since launched promotions to encourage purchases outside Cuba in dollars.
\"We are very pleased to offer (packages in pesos) that satisfy the majority of our customers, but it is also important to offer alternatives to attract the foreign currency that allows us to sustain our service and do it with quality,\" Velasquez said.
TOUCHY SUBJECT<\/strong>
Cuba's government has made strides in increasing online access for citizens since 2013, when the internet was first rolled out to the general public via a telecoms cable from Venezuela.
But getting online can still be a touchy subject.
Certain websites, including some media outlets, are inaccessible from Cuba without the use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) that encrypt data and obscure where a user is located, letting them circumvent censorship.
Global internet watchdogs have also said Cuba has restricted internet access during recent protests to suppress coverage of the demonstrations and limit their spread.
Following widespread anti-government protests in Cuba in July 2021, U.S. President Joe Biden<\/a> vowed his government would work to make the internet more accessible to Cubans.
But the Biden administration in 2022 proposed to scrap a plan to install a new undersea telecommunications cable to Cuba which would have significantly bolstered capacity, citing national security concerns.
Cuba's government has since announced another cable project, called Arimao, which aims to connect Cuba to the Caribbean island of Martinique by April.
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古巴的互联网慢爬岛居民连接
互联网服务,从来没有在一个国家快速第一个授权蜂窝数据只有五年前,最近几个月的滞缓,导致许多岛上居民的强烈抗议,他们认为这是工作和快乐。
古巴哈瓦那:苦难长队获取食物,燃料和医学现在有一个新问题:缓慢互联网。
互联网服务,从来没有在一个国家快速第一个授权蜂窝数据只有五年前,最近几个月的滞缓,导致许多岛上居民的强烈抗议,他们认为这是工作和快乐。
Jorge德国诺丽色,一个36岁的工程师说,他已经开始在闲暇的时候醒来的早晨,当大多数古巴人仍然睡着了和离线,上传内容在线服务器。
“互联网越来越糟糕,我们到达的地方上网平均古巴成为不可能,”他说。
Cable.co。英国公司网速相比,排名古巴203年接受调查的220个国家在12个月期间截至6月30日,2022年,在拉丁美洲最慢。
5 gb的电影下载在5分钟多一点的时间在美国可以花3.5小时转移在古巴,调查显示。
古巴人喜欢Noris别无选择。国营电信公司ETECSA有一个共产主义国家垄断市场。
ETECSA头塔尼亚贝拉斯克斯最近告诉官方媒体大量增加用户在2022年陷入困境已经破旧的基础设施需要现代化。
“2022年我们注册…超过一百万个新用户寻求访问互联网,”她说。增加,导致63%的体积流量,她指出,古巴的经济低迷使其不可能以同样的速度升级至关重要的技术。
古巴电信收入外汇后开始下滑古巴比索贬值其2021年1月,产卵黑市交易有时官方汇率的8倍。
古巴人曾经依靠从国外家庭给他们的网络账户使用外币交换的官方汇率现在选择交换美元在黑市上,然后在比索包购买互联网数据。
因此,古巴的收入以美元来自电信和信息服务的“出口”仅在2021年暴跌了80%,从2020年的超过80亿美元的峰值,据国家统计局ONEI。2022还没有可用的数据。
古巴的ETECSA已经推出了促销活动,鼓励购买境外美元。
“我们很高兴提供比索(包),满足大多数客户,但同样重要的是提供替代吸引外国货币,使我们能够保持我们的服务和质量,”维拉斯说。
敏感的话题
古巴政府已经取得了长足的进步增加在线访问公民自2013年以来,当互联网首次向公众推出通过电信电缆从委内瑞拉。
但是上网可以仍然是一个敏感的话题。
某些网站,包括一些媒体,都无法从古巴不使用虚拟专用网络(vpn)加密数据和模糊用户所在,让他们绕过审查。
全球互联网监管机构也表示,古巴已经限制互联网接入在最近的抗议镇压示威活动的报道和限制其传播。
广泛的反政府抗议后在古巴2021年7月,美国总统乔•拜登(Joe Biden)承诺他的政府将努力使互联网更加访问古巴。
但拜登政府在2022年提出取消计划安装一个新的海底通讯电缆到古巴将大大提振能力,称国家安全方面的担忧。
古巴政府已经宣布了另一个电缆的项目,叫做Arimao,旨在连接古巴加勒比岛屿马提尼克岛的四月。
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