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“Data, ‘of the people, by the people and for the people’ must therefore become the mantra of the government,” India’s chief economic advisor Krishnamurthy V. Subramanian<\/a> highlighted in the Survey, which was tabled in Parliament on Thursday.
The government aims to give access of select data sets to private sector and analytical agencies on payment basis, thus generating revenue from data which may otherwise have remained unused. This will ease pressure on government finances and generate insights and new products for both parties, thus creating a win-win situation for both.
“Going forward, the data and information highway must be viewed as equally important infrastructure as the physical highways. Such a stance can help India leapfrog to utilise the benefits of technological advances for the welfare of its people,” the Survey noted in a full chapter on data.
In its 20-page document dedicated to data generated by Indian users, the Survey touched upon the need for storing, using and disseminating it for public and private use. Subramanian said that government intervention was needed in harnessing data in social sectors such as education and healthcare where private investment remains inadequate. This will in turn benefit a larger populace for whom the primary preference would be better quality of living.
“The social sectors of the economy, such as education and healthcare, have lagged the commercial sectors in exploiting data. Because the private sector cannot internalize the social benefits of data in these sectors, the market for data in these sectors has so far not developed,” the Survey said.
It turned to the agriculture sector, for instance, where e-NAM<\/a> has been created, and added that it was unlikely that the private sector would come up with a solution like this on its own.
“To ensure that the socially optimum amount of data is harvested and used, the government needs to step in, either by providing the data itself or correcting the incentive structure faced by the private sector, depending on the nature and sensitivity of data,” it said.
The Survey underlined the requirement of creating a centralised system for putting data from different government sources together, which will hold far greater value as a collective than information in silos.
“Government already holds a rich repository of administrative, survey, institutional and transactional data about citizens, but these data are scattered across numerous government bodies. Merging these distinct data sets would generate multiple benefits with the applications being limitless,” the CEA said.
The survey also stressed upon a structural way of storing and using public data for the benefits of the public and the private sector, keeping in mind the need to ensure privacy of the public or anonymised data, which is different from the processes required for ensuring privacy of intimate data.
“The key difference in dealing with these different types of data is the knowledge and consent of the data principal. Even if not explicitly mentioned every time data is talked about in this chapter, it is assumed that the processing of data will be in compliance with accepted privacy norms and the upcoming privacy law, currently tabled in Parliament,” the CEA underlined.
While talking about the Open Government Data platform, the survey seeks to make available all data within the government for citizens, government, private and public institutions to use the data subject to user consent and appropriate privacy and fairness related constraints. “People can always opt out of divulging data to the government, where possible,” the Survey stressed.
The CEA further said that the data collected digitally would be worthless if government officials working on it lack the analytical skills to make use of it in real time. While each department should build internal capacities to analyse and exploit data, the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation and Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology can act as nodal departments to steer these efforts at the national level.
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经济调查:匿名数据应该被视为“公共利益”
“数据”的人,由人民,为人民必须成为政府的口号,“印度的首席经济顾问萨•诉萨勃拉曼尼亚在调查强调,周四在议会提出。
“数据”的人,由人民,为人民必须成为政府的口号,“印度的首席经济顾问•诉萨勃拉曼尼亚在调查中,周四在议会提出。
政府计划给私营部门选择数据集的访问和分析机构支付的基础上,因此从数据生成收入可能一直闲置。这将缓解政府财政压力,以及为双方产生洞察力和新产品,从而创造一个双赢的局面。
“Going forward,数据和信息高速公路必须被视为同等重要的物理公路基础设施。这样的立场可以帮助印度超越利用技术进步的好处对于人民的福利,“调查指出在一个完整的章的数据。
在其长达20页的文档专门由印度用户生成的数据,调查了需要存储、使用和传播的公共和私人使用。萨勃拉曼尼亚表示,政府干预是需要利用数据在社会教育和医疗等行业,私人投资仍然是不够的。这将反过来受益更大的民众来说,主要的偏好会更好的生活质量。
“社会经济领域,比如教育和医疗,落后的商业部门利用数据。因为私营部门无法内化的社会效益数据在这些领域,数据在这些行业目前市场不发达,”调查说。
它转向农业部门,例如,e-NAM已经创建,补充说,它不太可能,私营部门会想出这样一个解决方案。
”,以确保社会最优收获和使用的数据量,政府需要介入,通过提供数据本身或纠正私营部门所面临的激励结构,根据性质和敏感的数据,”它说。
调查突显出创建一个中央系统的要求将数据从不同的政府消息人士在一起,将更大的价值比信息在筒仓作为一个集体。
“政府已经拥有丰富的库管理,调查机构和公民事务数据,但这些数据是分散在许多政府机构。融合这些不同的数据集生成多个应用程序的好处是无限的,”CEA说。
调查还强调在使用公共数据结构的存储方式和利益的公共和私营部门,记住需要确保隐私的公众或匿名数据,这是不同于所需的流程确保私密数据的隐私。
“关键的区别在处理这些不同类型的数据是主要的知识和同意数据。即使没有明确提到每次数据是本章讨论,假设数据的处理将按照接受隐私规范和即将到来的隐私法,目前在议会中提出,“东航强调。
当谈到开放政府数据平台,该调查旨在提供所有数据在政府为公民,政府、私人和公共机构使用数据,用户同意和适当的隐私和公平相关的约束。“人们总是可以选择退出泄露数据的政府,在可能的情况下,“调查强调。
CEA进一步说,收集到的数据进行数字将一文不值,如果政府官员工作缺乏分析能力来利用它。在每个部门应该建立内部能力分析和利用数据,统计数据和程序实现和电子与信息技术可以作为节点部门引导这些努力在国家层面。
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