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BRUSSELS: Draft EU rules to curb the power of Amazon, Apple, Alphabet unit Google<\/a> and Facebook should also tackle cloud computing<\/a> services providers over potential anti-competitive practices, a study said on Tuesday.
The report coincides with concerns that some EU lawmakers who are reviewing the Digital Markets Act<\/a> proposed by EU antitrust chief Margrethe Vestager may be lenient towards cloud computing companies.
Amazon's Amazon Web Services<\/a> was the leading provider in the second quarter of this year, followed by Microsoft Azure<\/a> and Google Cloud<\/a>, market research company Statista found. Others include IBM Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, Salesforce<\/a> and Oracle .
The study was prepared by Frederic Jenny, chairman of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's Competition Committee, in his personal capacity for trade body CISPE (Cloud Infrastructure Services Providers in Europe).
\"The DMA does say that cloud infrastructure can come within the ambit of the DMA but it is not obvious that all the suppliers are covered, for example it doesn't seem that Google Cloud qualifies under the DMA as a gatekeeper or IBM Cloud or Salesforce,\" Jenny told Reuters in an interview.
He said potential anti-competitive practices by some companies could include unfair pricing techniques or making it technically difficult for users to move to a rival.
Jenny said the study interviewed some 25 companies that use cloud computing services, a number of which cited issues such as unfair licence terms that force customers to pay again to use software they already own when they move to a competitor.
Respondents were also concerned about providers bundling software products with their cloud infrastructure to make rival products either less attractive or more expensive.
Google, Oracle and SAP declined to comment. Microsoft and Amazon did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
EU lawmakers have to thrash out the draft DMA with EU countries before it becomes law, possibly in 2023.
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欧盟技术法规应控制云计算提供商,研究说
亚马逊的Amazon Web服务的领先供应商在今年第二季度,紧随其后的是微软Azure和谷歌云,市场研究公司Statista发现。其他包括IBM Cloud,阿里巴巴云,Salesforce和Oracle。
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布鲁塞尔:欧盟规则草案限制亚马逊的力量,苹果,字母单位谷歌和Facebook也应该解决的问题云计算服务提供者在潜在的反竞争行为,研究周二表示。
报告的同时,担心一些欧盟议员正在评估数字市场法案欧盟反垄断专员提出的对云计算公司Margrethe Vestager可能宽容。
亚马逊的亚马逊网络服务是今年第二季度的领先供应商,紧随其后的是吗微软Azure和谷歌云市场研究公司Statista发现。其他包括IBM Cloud,阿里巴巴云,Salesforce和甲骨文。
这项研究是由弗雷德里克·珍妮,经济合作与发展组织(oecd)主席竞争委员会在其个人能力贸易机构CISPE(云基础设施服务提供商在欧洲)。
“DMA说云基础设施可以在DMA的范围,但不明显,所有的供应商都覆盖,例如它看来谷歌云不限定在DMA看门人或IBM cloud Salesforce,”珍妮在接受路透采访时表示。
他表示,一些公司可能包括潜在的反竞争行为不公平定价技术或使其技术难度为用户转移到竞争对手。
珍妮说,这项研究采访了一些使用云计算服务的25家公司,其中大量引用等问题不公平的许可证条款,迫使客户支付再次使用软件时,他们已经拥有移动到一个竞争对手。
受访者还担心供应商捆绑软件产品与他们的云基础设施使竞争对手的产品的吸引力或更昂贵。
谷歌、Oracle和SAP拒绝置评。微软和亚马逊没有立即回复记者的置评请求。
欧盟立法者必须研究解决DMA草案与欧盟国家成为法律之前,它可能在2023年。
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