These software exporters have reported sequential margin growth in the third quarter, with upbeat commentary on near-term margin performance. There is headroom to improve utilisation and automation to increase the effective price of delivery or realisation, they have said.
But industry experts have cautioned that there is minimum room for margin growth.
Though intelligent automation and new-age deals will help earn better margins, Indian IT firms<\/a> have to bulk up much more to win those deals, said Hansa Iyengar, principal analyst at technology advisory firm Omdia<\/a>.
“Margins are higher in deals that are truly transformational and have a heavy consulting component – that being said, these are the deals that the likes of Accenture, EY and Capgemini chase after very aggressively. Indian heritage vendors need to bulk up their techno-business consulting capabilities and decouple them from the execution\/delivery organization to leverage these more effectively instead of bundling them together,” Iyengar said.
Though margins have shown a modest rebound, largely driven by increased pricing power, a recession will likely induce more pricing pressure and there may be little room in some key segments to utilise the traditional levers of increased offshoring, pyramid optimisation and automation, said Peter Bendor-Samuel, chief executive of IT research firm Everest Group<\/a>.
“It looks like there is not as much room as in the past to pull these levers. Hence, it is likely that the industry will see more downward pressure on margins as the year unfolds,” Bendor-Samuel said.
TCS’ operating margins expanded by 50 basis points (bps) sequentially to 24.5%, a tad above analyst estimates, led by higher efficiency and rupee depreciation during the third quarter. However, year on year, margins fell by 50 bps at a time when the overall employee utilisation levels had dropped due to prolonged furloughs in the quarter.
“The key benefit for us was the headwinds turning into tailwinds. If you look at it through this year there was high attrition leading to retention, subcontractor and hiring costs. Now this entire cycle is settling down, leading to better cost management,” TCS chief financial officer Samir Seksaria had said.
TCS estimates margins to range between 26% and 28% in the long term, he had said.
Bengaluru-based IT service provider Infosys reported a 200-bps drop in quarterly margins year on year, and flat sequentially at 21.5%, as the period had more holidays and higher wage costs. Margins, however, benefited by 40-bps from rupee depreciation and 70-bps from operational efficiencies. The company expects pricing and automation to aid margins in the near future.
“And it's important to talk about that as the higher costs are now feeding into our new deals, etc. I think that should hopefully have a benefit,” said Infosys CFO Nilanjan Roy.
Infosys retained its operating margin outlook at 21-22% for the fiscal year, but the company expects to close the year at the lower end of the band.
Similarly, in a seasonally weak quarter, HCLTech reported operating margins of 19.6%, up 160 bps sequentially and 60 bps on year, helped by currency tailwinds, and internal efficiencies.
Its, however, trimmed the operating margin outlook for the full year to 18-18.5% from 18-19% earlier.
While the company expects improved utilization to be the top margin lever, it is pencilling in higher realisation and automation benefits to flow in.
“...We continue to see improvement in our billing realizations as well…Those are continuing and as more and more deals of the last 12 months come, some more percentage of the total will keep on improving I believe,” said HCLTech CFO Prateek Aggarwal during an analyst call.
Wipro’s quarterly operating margins expanded 120 bps sequentially to 16.3%, helped by operating efficiencies, but fell 130 bps over the year due to wage costs.
“Automation and managing the employee pyramid (structure) are going to be components of that. So, we are looking at multiple parts of how to manage complex projects or to bring one way of delivering at Wipro… you will see a lot of investment around the delivery excellence dimension from us,” said Amit Choudhary, president and chief operating officer of Wipro.
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