独家
超越4G,超高速5G已经被FCC批准
未来几年将在这些频率上运行的网络将被称为5G,即第五代网络,它将取代目前为智能手机传输音乐和电影的4G网络。
未来几年将在这些频率上运行的网络将被称为5G,即第五代网络,它将取代目前为智能手机传输音乐和电影的4G网络。
联邦通信委员会(Federal Communications Commission)主席汤姆·惠勒(Tom Wheeler)坐了下来,拿着一套控制装置,引导着一辆挖掘机——它恰好在1400英里外。
今年早些时候,惠勒通过FCC华盛顿办公室的远程连接在达拉斯搬土,展示了可能是迄今为止规模最大、利润最丰厚的互联网扩张的前景。
周四,该机构一致投票通过开放很少使用的无线电波,以闪电般的速度实现远程手术等各种用途,朝着将无线速度提高10倍的目标迈出了一大步视频下载还有工厂机器人。这个网络将在未来几年内流过这些频率,它将被称为5克也就是第五代,以取代4G网络携带音乐而且电影到今天的智能手机。
“我们正在放任这个国家令人难以置信的创新者,”就在委员们在华盛顿投票之前,惠勒说。
直到最近,涉及到的电波几乎没有什么用处,因为即使它们携带了大量数据,但它们并没有旅行很远,可以被墙壁甚至雨滴阻挡。工程师们已经开始研究如何定位和集中信号以克服这些弱点,将信号发送到新型天线上,这种天线类似于紧凑的烟雾报警器,而不是路边的塔。
这一技术有望实现大量短距离的快速信息传输,并且在连接时不会出现被称为延迟的微小延迟,这种延迟甚至会困扰4G连接,比如几乎察觉不到的延迟会让语音对话变得尴尬。
CTIA总裁梅雷迪思·阿特韦尔·贝克(Meredith Attwell Baker)说:“这些巨大的频谱将为美国人提供惊人的应用。”CTIA是一个无线公司的行业组织,包括美国四大运营商AT&T、Verizon Communications、Sprint和T-Mobile。奥巴马说:“这是确保美国能够领导全球行动的关键第一步世界在5克。”
美国四大移动运营商都宣布了测试5G的计划技术该公司的合作伙伴包括思科系统(Cisco Systems)、爱立信(Ericsson AB)、诺基亚(Nokia OYJ)、高通(Qualcomm)等三星随着越来越多的移动设备、机器人、光传感器和无人机都成为所谓的物联网的一部分,预计到2020年,连接数量将翻一番,10年后将达到5000亿。
FCC前主席里德·亨特(Reed Hundt)在一份文件中表示,5G将为大规模的机器对机器通信提供支持,包括“从智能家居到实时货物跟踪,再到增强的环境监测,以及无数尚未构思的应用”。Hundt是Ligado Networks的董事会成员,这家无线公司的前身是LightSquared。
高通负责政府事务的高级副总裁迪恩·布伦纳(Dean Brenner)说:“我们谈论的是超高速数据传输速率、超低延迟:任何人都想要的那种无线网络,在今天只是一个梦想。”这家芯片制造商总部位于旧金山迭戈该公司与英特尔(Intel)、威瑞森(Verizon)、三星(Samsung)、诺基亚(Nokia)和爱立信(Ericsson)一道,要求FCC允许基站的功率高于该机构最初提议的水平。
布伦纳说,目前还不完全清楚可能会有什么用途。
“当我们在设计4G时,没有人想到优步,华盛顿也没有人想到Snapchat或Instagram布伦纳说。“没有人想到《Pokemon Go》。事实是,我们不知道。”
布伦纳说,高通和竞争对手将努力尽快部署这项技术。“这将是一场激烈的竞争,工作非常紧迫,”他说。
人该行业组织负责人贝克说,该领域的专家经常谈论到2020年部署核武器。“我们将看看我们的公司能做些什么,”她说。
美国联邦通信委员会将5G使用的电波划分为四个不同的频段。一些频段将被拍卖给中标者独家使用,而其他频段——主要是传播距离比拍卖频段短的频段——将被共享。
包括Alphabet的谷歌和新美国公共政策组织在内的利益相关者要求提供更多的无线电波供共享使用。
总部位于华盛顿的新美国无线未来项目主管迈克尔·卡拉布雷斯表示,在拍卖中获胜的运营商可能有动机只在拥挤的城市空间部署5G,而让其他地区没有覆盖。
“没有人真正知道5G会是什么样子,”卡拉布雷斯说。“但运营商已经决定,他们希望控制这一频谱的访问,以控制它的发展。”
Federal Communications Commission Chairman Tom Wheeler took a seat, grasped a set of controls, and guided an excavator -- that happened to be 1,400 miles away.<\/p>
By moving dirt in Dallas through a remote hook-up from the FCC's Washington offices earlier this year, Mr. Wheeler showed the promise of what could be the largest and most lucrative expansion of the internet yet.<\/p>
The agency on Thursday took a major step toward boosting wireless speeds 10-fold by voting unanimously to open little-used airwaves to purposes as varied as remote surgery, lightning-fast video<\/a> downloads<\/a> and factory robotics. The network that will flow over the frequencies in the next few years will be known as 5G<\/a>, or fifth generation, to succeed the 4G networks<\/a> that carry music<\/a> and movies<\/a> to smartphones today.<\/p> \"We're turning loose the incredible innovators of this country,\" Mr. Wheeler said just before the commissioners voted in Washington.<\/p> The airwaves involved were of little use until recently, because even though they carry a lot of data they don't travel<\/a> far and can be stopped by walls or even by rain drops. Engineers have begun to figure out how to aim and focus the transmissions to overcome these frailties, sending signals to new types of antennae that resemble compact smoke alarms rather than roadside towers.<\/p> The promise is an abundance of speedy information shot across short distances and linking up without the tiny delays known as latency that can plague even 4G connections, such as the barely perceptible delay that can make voice conversations awkward.<\/p> \"These are huge blocks of spectrum that will deliver amazing applications to Americans,\" said Meredith Attwell Baker, president of CTIA, a trade group for wireless companies including the top four U.S. carriers, AT&T, Verizon Communications, Sprint and T-Mobile. \"This is a critical first step to ensure the U.S. is in a position to lead the world<\/a> in 5G.\"<\/p> All four top U.S. mobile carriers have announced plans to test 5G technology<\/a>, with partners including Cisco Systems, Ericsson AB, Nokia OYJ, Qualcomm and Samsung<\/a> Electronics Co. Connections are projected to double by 2020 and reach 500 billion 10 years later as more mobile devices, robots, light sensors and drones all become part of the so-called internet of things.<\/p> 5G will feed massive machine-to-machine communications that will encompass \"everything from smart homes to real-time cargo tracking to enhanced environmental monitoring and myriad applications yet to be conceived,\" Reed Hundt, a former FCC chairman, said in a filing. Hundt is on the board of Ligado Networks, the wireless company formerly known as LightSquared.<\/p> \"We're talking about super-fast data rates, super-low latency: the kind of wireless any one would want that's only a dream today,\" said Dean Brenner, senior vice president for government affairs at Qualcomm. The chipmaker based in San Diego<\/a>, California, joined with Intel, Verizon, Samsung, Nokia and Ericsson to ask the FCC to allow higher power for base stations than the agency initially proposed.<\/p> It's not entirely clear what uses may emerge, said Mr. Brenner.<\/p> \"When we were devising 4G no one was thinking of Uber, no one in Washington was thinking of Snapchat or Instagram<\/a>,\" Mr. Brenner said. \"No one was thinking of Pokemon Go. The truth is, we don't know.\"<\/p> Qualcomm and competitors will work to deploy the technology as soon as possible, Mr. Brenner said. \"This is going to be hyper-competitive, working with tremendous urgency,\" he said.<\/p> People<\/a> in the field often talk of deployment by 2020, said Ms. Baker, the trade group leader. \"We'll see what our companies can do,\" she said.<\/p> The FCC slated airwaves in four different swathes for use by 5G. Some airwaves are to be auctioned for exclusive use by winning bidders, and others -- mainly in frequencies that travel less far than the auctioned airwaves -- are to be shared.<\/p> Interests including Alphabet's Google and the New America public policy group asked that more airwaves be offered for shared use.<\/p> Carriers that win at auction may have incentive to deploy 5G only in crowded urban spaces, leaving other areas without coverage, said Michael Calabrese, director of the Wireless Future Project at the Washington-based New America.<\/p> \"Nobody really knows yet what 5G will be,\" Mr. Calabrese said. \"But the carriers have decided they want to control access to this spectrum for whatever it is that develops.\"<\/p> <\/div><\/div>