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The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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深入:印度解决政策瓶颈平滑空间宽带路线图吗?
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车),为卫星通信频谱拍卖形式在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
新德里:印度政府和卫星电视公司利用空间无关的连接来实现他们的目标,并提供超快速卫星宽带服务关键领域如国防、国土安全、灾害管理。
的空间
政策2023年被许多人誉为向印度的发展进入一个新的太空时代虽然给出了一个基本问题,小姐似乎更多的序言,即使它试图动摇一个巨大的空间资源。
路线图还揭示政府允许私营企业的战略执行端到端活动——从地球向太空发射卫星和火箭到操作站。政府允许私人低地球轨道(LEO)和地球轨道(MEO)卫星星座运营商从太空商业发射宽带服务。
专家认为,政策制定了一个雄心勃勃的和印度国家空间的大的作用促进和授权中心(太空),但离开它的,没有时间框架的必要步骤提前给它一个法定地位。太空目前正在作为一个监管机构没有任何立法权。
它将授权空间活动,政府和非政府实体。目前,它的位置是模棱两可的,因为它功能的范围下的空间(DoS)没有明显的计划建立一个监管框架。
期待已久的政策没有初步时间表印度空间研究组织(ISRO)过渡摆脱当前实践,甚至没有清楚说明FDI框架和规范可能宣布独立。
然而,它提倡ISRO将从制造操作空间系统过渡到集中精力研发的先进技术和应用程序。
政策瓶颈
这项政策是最积极,给民营企业在所有领域的机会。但让政策有效,自由的外国直接投资计划是必须的,预计很快出来。
另一个问题的紧迫性是频谱分配的问题,不可能是覆盖在新政策。
“我们希望电信部门(点)将准时出来. .我们看空间频谱分配只有行政方法和所有包括28个Ghz频率是全球空间频率的一部分,应该继续与空间。政府计划给部分陆地5克。但在全球范围内用于空间通信,如何继续,“正义与发展党Bhatt, DG,印度空间协会(当前)说。
他补充说,地面光谱是排斥的,不能共享而在太空中,频谱共享,所以无法不被拍卖。
部门,根据他的说法,需要监管机构和太空可以获得授权法案即将到来的空间活动。
“目前我们明白,启动子,授权和监管机构的空间将由太空。但后来随着政府可能看看这个,可能会得到证实的太空活动的法案。我们需要一个监管机构,是由政府的立法权,太空只会在太空活动法案的时候出来。”
“我们很快就被告知他们将太空活动法案草案磋商。两个问题将是非常重要的——责任和法律问题将法案”的一部分,Bhatt说。
电信行业分析师Mahesh Uppal说,政策是典型的意向声明。虽然是不现实的期望实现的所有细节,它将帮助如果它显示方向政策目标将如何实现。
“没有频谱将如何管理,导致电信行业的不确定性。这是一个明显的遗漏”,他指出。
Uppal,然而,没有考虑细节的缺失FDI作为一个严重的差距。
指出印度公司不严重依赖外国直接投资,他说:“外国直接投资是可取的但不是关键部门”的增长。
拍卖的卫星光谱
印度是全球第一个国家频谱拍卖卫星通信(卫星通信必要的规定和批准后)。
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车)以拍卖形式卫星通信谱在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
卫星公司一直对拍卖的频谱。他们认为,陆地频谱分配给移动公司和卫星公司是不同的——从用例,自然,光谱的应用。
但是,电信运营商认为,必须保证公平的竞争。
虽然双方球员的地方缩小数字鸿沟差距在这个国家最受欢迎的议程和银行对企业用例来提高收入,目前他们搭上互相站在频谱的分配方式。
“大政府关心的是使宽带连接到迄今为止无关的位置,这可以立即和最有效地通过卫星通信成本,“全球领先的卫星公司的一名高管表示。
卫星服务在全球范围内用于解决社会隔离,海上和空中旅行,困难和发现地点也灾难恢复和由国防需求,准军事部队,以及农业和教育等行业和多样化的业务。“拍卖不可能是有益的因为各种原因在这里。”
另一方面,电信行业说拍卖在印度是频谱分配的唯一途径。“频谱成本最大的一个因素在决定成本为用户服务。频谱分配地面和卫星的球员在不同的规范和定价,势必造成重大的套利成本为用户服务。”
“必须有一个公平的竞争环境的频谱分配方法以及定价的范围。——频谱分配应该发生在一个技术中立的基础电信服务供应商应免费将其部署卫星或地面,没有IMT频谱应该留给基于空间的通信服务,”现任电信公司之一说。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWebSpaceX公司和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
电视拉马钱德兰、总统、BIF说,“频谱拍卖是合乎逻辑的,需求超过供给的陆地移动访问服务。然而它是非常不切实际的,不正确的和无关紧要的供应不是限制因素对于卫星无线电波的运营商共享同一频谱没有任何限制。”
全球领先的卫星公司消息人士称的移动频谱和卫星无线电波是完全不同与排他性的使用,而且基于卫星频段拍卖将低效率使用的频谱除了破碎的无线电波。
补充说,卫星光谱空间的宽带公司之一是全球协调和不能不同在不同的国家,因此任何拍卖计划会导致复杂性,甚至可能是反竞争作为竞争对手可能会阻止甚至囤积频谱。“卫星频谱拍卖已经试过像我们这样的一些最大的市场,巴西和墨西哥,但都以失败告终。事实上在美国FCC不得不回到行政分配”,卫星公司说。
地面运营商认为,无线电波只能优化使用如果他们竞标和有效利用是保证通过拍卖除了找到合适的值。
分析分析师Ashwinder Sethi梅森说“频谱或其他资源的主要好处是找到值得和对资源的价值。”
“政府想做拍卖,卫星光谱的首选方法。你得到正确的资产的价格,这是唯一的好处的频谱拍卖。”
然而,Sethi补充说,印度可能会成为第一个国家卫星频谱拍卖。“不像电信频谱,卫星光谱不是作为运营商的要求,但有一个需求供应缺口地面光谱,如果需求超过供给,理想情况下拍卖的频谱发生市场来确定合适的价格。的频谱拍卖的好处,但条件是需求超过供给。”
部分,在咨询文件,监管机构也为用户的链接应该被问及频谱分配在国家层面上,或电信圈/ metro-wise除了给拍卖的选项,行政或任何其他的选择对于网关建立通信链接和用户链接空间。它没有专门拍卖仅被要求。
保留价格一样成为行政价格吗?
这个问题在到达一个底价如果没有全球的先例也提高了卫星频谱拍卖。
塞提说,在地面谱的情况下,政府或监管机构看频谱的技术价值。
因此卫星频谱拍卖,以防发生由于供应充足,无论底价政府将设置,将成为公司将购买的价格。所以在某种程度上成为行政分配,因为没有价格增加玩家之间的竞争。发生同样的方式当700 Mhz拍卖只有Jio频谱的底价了。
在移动的情况下,政府看着光谱的技术价值的净现值(NPV)的所有好处的运营商购买无线电波。卫星光谱的方法到达最低价格的总和是卫星光谱的技术和商业价值,他补充说。
理由拍卖仅
电信部长Ashwini Vaishnaw已经表示,政府将只通过拍卖分配频谱。
指两个目前行政分配发生的情况,他说点已经向火车给建议参考卫星和回程频谱拍卖。
沟通中火车2021年9月,点要求监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子的频谱拍卖,拍卖的频谱相关条件基于空间通信。
点的都有自己的理由寻求拍卖。除了按最高法院2012年裁定所有自然资源都应该拍卖得到正确的值。点了一个视图,将是未来需求的增加(卫星)谱强调需要这样的拍卖。
不用说,印度很可能采取一种谨慎的做法的背景下法院裁决。
在2012年一次里程碑式的判决中,最高法院取消了122 2 g牌照发放获得光谱和下令重新分配通过拍卖。它还认为使用第一和服务政策(先)分配自然资源是违宪的。它认为自然资源应该通过拍卖来分配。
”卫星通信的情况下,访问用户通过访问从卫星光谱,类似于地面网络和接入频谱的需求这样的光谱将可能增加未来”,点说通信的火车进一步监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子谱的拍卖。
拍卖的需求也不时获得牵引力。
在早前的互动等,依赖Jio总统欧门马修说卫星光谱从未拍卖在世界任何地方,说仅仅因为这些电波没有拍卖,并不意味着应是常态。
读也
“频谱的匮乏,我们应该考虑在印度。让我们(印度)铅从前面在卫星和频谱转换而不是说只是因为它是分配给30年或15年,我们应该继续这一过程。当技术的功能发生变化时,频谱的分配也变化”。
卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。“…让这种转换驱动从印度而不是一定说的东西已经在其他地方发生。拍卖是移动通信频谱分配的模式在印度,一种机制,Jio希望复制甚至卫星光谱欧门”,此前曾对ET。
对比研究分析师尼尔•沙阿说,卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。
5克的出现和应用,如物联网、越来越多的收敛性和重叠陆地从用例和non-terrestrial网络,网络体系结构和光谱的角度。通过一个公平的结果,提供卫星光谱拍卖场上的所有水平的服务提供商可以受益于这端业务的融合5 g时代,沙阿说。
“印度政府可以设置一个强大的先例与一个基于拍卖的方法来发展卫星行业先进的融合陆地和non-terrestrial从频谱的使用网络,连接,应用程序和商业模式视角”,他说。
spacecom的潜力
印度空间经济将价值128亿美元,到2025年,根据印度空间协会的一份报告(当前)和恩斯特和年轻。从太空中高速互联网交付需求使得发射卫星送入轨道一个繁荣的业务。到2025年,所谓的空间经济预计将从4470亿年的2020美元增长到6000亿美元,据安永(Ernst & Young)的估计。
印度的空间经济将增长到2025年13美元b的CAGR为6%。卫星电视服务和应用程序段将形成空间经济的最大份额,占总收入的36%,到2025年,Prashant Singhal说,新兴市场的科技、媒体和娱乐和通信(TMT)行业的领导者。
摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)的空间团队估计,大约3500亿美元全球航天工业可能会飙升到2040年的超过1万亿美元。
苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWeb和Jio卫星机构可能是第一批启动宽带服务从太空一旦政策和拍卖安定下来。显然印度企业和消费者关注的空间领域。负担得起的关税,是另一个大的领域,需要利益相关者的关注,可能会有一些恒星祭的日子里。
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>NEW DELHI: The Indian government and satellite companies are out to exploit the space<\/a> to achieve their objectives of connecting the unconnected, and offering ultra fast satellite broadband services for critical sectors such as the defence, homeland security, and disaster management.
The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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<\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":100392779,"title":"Elon Musk's SpaceX and Italy's Unipol join forces to help Italians hit by flooding","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/portal-in-portal\/satcom\/elon-musks-spacex-and-italys-unipol-join-forces-to-help-italians-hit-by-flooding\/100392779","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom"}],"related_content":[],"msid":100433535,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"In-depth: Can India address policy bottlenecks for a smooth space broadband roadmap?","synopsis":"The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.","titleseo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_link":"\/author\/479260762\/anjana-das","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/479260762.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":479260762,"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_seo_name":"anjanadas","designation":"Editorial Consultant","agency":false}}],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":427,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":1976000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2023-05-23 08:12:36","lastupd":"2023-05-23 08:12:38","breadcrumbTags":["space","reliance jio","sunil mittal","satellite communication","satcom","policy","Prime","ETTSpecial","OneWeb","indian space policy 2023"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap"}}" data-authors="[" anjana das"]" data-category-name="" data-category_id="" data-date="2023-05-23" data-index="article_1">
深入:印度解决政策瓶颈平滑空间宽带路线图吗?
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车),为卫星通信频谱拍卖形式在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
新德里:印度政府和卫星电视公司利用空间无关的连接来实现他们的目标,并提供超快速卫星宽带服务关键领域如国防、国土安全、灾害管理。
的空间
政策2023年被许多人誉为向印度的发展进入一个新的太空时代虽然给出了一个基本问题,小姐似乎更多的序言,即使它试图动摇一个巨大的空间资源。
路线图还揭示政府允许私营企业的战略执行端到端活动——从地球向太空发射卫星和火箭到操作站。政府允许私人低地球轨道(LEO)和地球轨道(MEO)卫星星座运营商从太空商业发射宽带服务。
专家认为,政策制定了一个雄心勃勃的和印度国家空间的大的作用促进和授权中心(太空),但离开它的,没有时间框架的必要步骤提前给它一个法定地位。太空目前正在作为一个监管机构没有任何立法权。
它将授权空间活动,政府和非政府实体。目前,它的位置是模棱两可的,因为它功能的范围下的空间(DoS)没有明显的计划建立一个监管框架。
期待已久的政策没有初步时间表印度空间研究组织(ISRO)过渡摆脱当前实践,甚至没有清楚说明FDI框架和规范可能宣布独立。
然而,它提倡ISRO将从制造操作空间系统过渡到集中精力研发的先进技术和应用程序。
政策瓶颈
这项政策是最积极,给民营企业在所有领域的机会。但让政策有效,自由的外国直接投资计划是必须的,预计很快出来。
另一个问题的紧迫性是频谱分配的问题,不可能是覆盖在新政策。
“我们希望电信部门(点)将准时出来. .我们看空间频谱分配只有行政方法和所有包括28个Ghz频率是全球空间频率的一部分,应该继续与空间。政府计划给部分陆地5克。但在全球范围内用于空间通信,如何继续,“正义与发展党Bhatt, DG,印度空间协会(当前)说。
他补充说,地面光谱是排斥的,不能共享而在太空中,频谱共享,所以无法不被拍卖。
部门,根据他的说法,需要监管机构和太空可以获得授权法案即将到来的空间活动。
“目前我们明白,启动子,授权和监管机构的空间将由太空。但后来随着政府可能看看这个,可能会得到证实的太空活动的法案。我们需要一个监管机构,是由政府的立法权,太空只会在太空活动法案的时候出来。”
“我们很快就被告知他们将太空活动法案草案磋商。两个问题将是非常重要的——责任和法律问题将法案”的一部分,Bhatt说。
电信行业分析师Mahesh Uppal说,政策是典型的意向声明。虽然是不现实的期望实现的所有细节,它将帮助如果它显示方向政策目标将如何实现。
“没有频谱将如何管理,导致电信行业的不确定性。这是一个明显的遗漏”,他指出。
Uppal,然而,没有考虑细节的缺失FDI作为一个严重的差距。
指出印度公司不严重依赖外国直接投资,他说:“外国直接投资是可取的但不是关键部门”的增长。
拍卖的卫星光谱
印度是全球第一个国家频谱拍卖卫星通信(卫星通信必要的规定和批准后)。
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车)以拍卖形式卫星通信谱在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
卫星公司一直对拍卖的频谱。他们认为,陆地频谱分配给移动公司和卫星公司是不同的——从用例,自然,光谱的应用。
但是,电信运营商认为,必须保证公平的竞争。
虽然双方球员的地方缩小数字鸿沟差距在这个国家最受欢迎的议程和银行对企业用例来提高收入,目前他们搭上互相站在频谱的分配方式。
“大政府关心的是使宽带连接到迄今为止无关的位置,这可以立即和最有效地通过卫星通信成本,“全球领先的卫星公司的一名高管表示。
卫星服务在全球范围内用于解决社会隔离,海上和空中旅行,困难和发现地点也灾难恢复和由国防需求,准军事部队,以及农业和教育等行业和多样化的业务。“拍卖不可能是有益的因为各种原因在这里。”
另一方面,电信行业说拍卖在印度是频谱分配的唯一途径。“频谱成本最大的一个因素在决定成本为用户服务。频谱分配地面和卫星的球员在不同的规范和定价,势必造成重大的套利成本为用户服务。”
“必须有一个公平的竞争环境的频谱分配方法以及定价的范围。——频谱分配应该发生在一个技术中立的基础电信服务供应商应免费将其部署卫星或地面,没有IMT频谱应该留给基于空间的通信服务,”现任电信公司之一说。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWebSpaceX公司和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
电视拉马钱德兰、总统、BIF说,“频谱拍卖是合乎逻辑的,需求超过供给的陆地移动访问服务。然而它是非常不切实际的,不正确的和无关紧要的供应不是限制因素对于卫星无线电波的运营商共享同一频谱没有任何限制。”
全球领先的卫星公司消息人士称的移动频谱和卫星无线电波是完全不同与排他性的使用,而且基于卫星频段拍卖将低效率使用的频谱除了破碎的无线电波。
补充说,卫星光谱空间的宽带公司之一是全球协调和不能不同在不同的国家,因此任何拍卖计划会导致复杂性,甚至可能是反竞争作为竞争对手可能会阻止甚至囤积频谱。“卫星频谱拍卖已经试过像我们这样的一些最大的市场,巴西和墨西哥,但都以失败告终。事实上在美国FCC不得不回到行政分配”,卫星公司说。
地面运营商认为,无线电波只能优化使用如果他们竞标和有效利用是保证通过拍卖除了找到合适的值。
分析分析师Ashwinder Sethi梅森说“频谱或其他资源的主要好处是找到值得和对资源的价值。”
“政府想做拍卖,卫星光谱的首选方法。你得到正确的资产的价格,这是唯一的好处的频谱拍卖。”
然而,Sethi补充说,印度可能会成为第一个国家卫星频谱拍卖。“不像电信频谱,卫星光谱不是作为运营商的要求,但有一个需求供应缺口地面光谱,如果需求超过供给,理想情况下拍卖的频谱发生市场来确定合适的价格。的频谱拍卖的好处,但条件是需求超过供给。”
部分,在咨询文件,监管机构也为用户的链接应该被问及频谱分配在国家层面上,或电信圈/ metro-wise除了给拍卖的选项,行政或任何其他的选择对于网关建立通信链接和用户链接空间。它没有专门拍卖仅被要求。
保留价格一样成为行政价格吗?
这个问题在到达一个底价如果没有全球的先例也提高了卫星频谱拍卖。
塞提说,在地面谱的情况下,政府或监管机构看频谱的技术价值。
因此卫星频谱拍卖,以防发生由于供应充足,无论底价政府将设置,将成为公司将购买的价格。所以在某种程度上成为行政分配,因为没有价格增加玩家之间的竞争。发生同样的方式当700 Mhz拍卖只有Jio频谱的底价了。
在移动的情况下,政府看着光谱的技术价值的净现值(NPV)的所有好处的运营商购买无线电波。卫星光谱的方法到达最低价格的总和是卫星光谱的技术和商业价值,他补充说。
理由拍卖仅
电信部长Ashwini Vaishnaw已经表示,政府将只通过拍卖分配频谱。
指两个目前行政分配发生的情况,他说点已经向火车给建议参考卫星和回程频谱拍卖。
沟通中火车2021年9月,点要求监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子的频谱拍卖,拍卖的频谱相关条件基于空间通信。
点的都有自己的理由寻求拍卖。除了按最高法院2012年裁定所有自然资源都应该拍卖得到正确的值。点了一个视图,将是未来需求的增加(卫星)谱强调需要这样的拍卖。
不用说,印度很可能采取一种谨慎的做法的背景下法院裁决。
在2012年一次里程碑式的判决中,最高法院取消了122 2 g牌照发放获得光谱和下令重新分配通过拍卖。它还认为使用第一和服务政策(先)分配自然资源是违宪的。它认为自然资源应该通过拍卖来分配。
”卫星通信的情况下,访问用户通过访问从卫星光谱,类似于地面网络和接入频谱的需求这样的光谱将可能增加未来”,点说通信的火车进一步监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子谱的拍卖。
拍卖的需求也不时获得牵引力。
在早前的互动等,依赖Jio总统欧门马修说卫星光谱从未拍卖在世界任何地方,说仅仅因为这些电波没有拍卖,并不意味着应是常态。
读也
“频谱的匮乏,我们应该考虑在印度。让我们(印度)铅从前面在卫星和频谱转换而不是说只是因为它是分配给30年或15年,我们应该继续这一过程。当技术的功能发生变化时,频谱的分配也变化”。
卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。“…让这种转换驱动从印度而不是一定说的东西已经在其他地方发生。拍卖是移动通信频谱分配的模式在印度,一种机制,Jio希望复制甚至卫星光谱欧门”,此前曾对ET。
对比研究分析师尼尔•沙阿说,卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。
5克的出现和应用,如物联网、越来越多的收敛性和重叠陆地从用例和non-terrestrial网络,网络体系结构和光谱的角度。通过一个公平的结果,提供卫星光谱拍卖场上的所有水平的服务提供商可以受益于这端业务的融合5 g时代,沙阿说。
“印度政府可以设置一个强大的先例与一个基于拍卖的方法来发展卫星行业先进的融合陆地和non-terrestrial从频谱的使用网络,连接,应用程序和商业模式视角”,他说。
spacecom的潜力
印度空间经济将价值128亿美元,到2025年,根据印度空间协会的一份报告(当前)和恩斯特和年轻。从太空中高速互联网交付需求使得发射卫星送入轨道一个繁荣的业务。到2025年,所谓的空间经济预计将从4470亿年的2020美元增长到6000亿美元,据安永(Ernst & Young)的估计。
印度的空间经济将增长到2025年13美元b的CAGR为6%。卫星电视服务和应用程序段将形成空间经济的最大份额,占总收入的36%,到2025年,Prashant Singhal说,新兴市场的科技、媒体和娱乐和通信(TMT)行业的领导者。
摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)的空间团队估计,大约3500亿美元全球航天工业可能会飙升到2040年的超过1万亿美元。
苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWeb和Jio卫星机构可能是第一批启动宽带服务从太空一旦政策和拍卖安定下来。显然印度企业和消费者关注的空间领域。负担得起的关税,是另一个大的领域,需要利益相关者的关注,可能会有一些恒星祭的日子里。
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>NEW DELHI: The Indian government and satellite companies are out to exploit the space<\/a> to achieve their objectives of connecting the unconnected, and offering ultra fast satellite broadband services for critical sectors such as the defence, homeland security, and disaster management.
The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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<\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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深入:印度解决政策瓶颈平滑空间宽带路线图吗?
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车),为卫星通信频谱拍卖形式在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
新德里:印度政府和卫星电视公司利用空间无关的连接来实现他们的目标,并提供超快速卫星宽带服务关键领域如国防、国土安全、灾害管理。
的空间
政策2023年被许多人誉为向印度的发展进入一个新的太空时代虽然给出了一个基本问题,小姐似乎更多的序言,即使它试图动摇一个巨大的空间资源。
路线图还揭示政府允许私营企业的战略执行端到端活动——从地球向太空发射卫星和火箭到操作站。政府允许私人低地球轨道(LEO)和地球轨道(MEO)卫星星座运营商从太空商业发射宽带服务。
专家认为,政策制定了一个雄心勃勃的和印度国家空间的大的作用促进和授权中心(太空),但离开它的,没有时间框架的必要步骤提前给它一个法定地位。太空目前正在作为一个监管机构没有任何立法权。
它将授权空间活动,政府和非政府实体。目前,它的位置是模棱两可的,因为它功能的范围下的空间(DoS)没有明显的计划建立一个监管框架。
期待已久的政策没有初步时间表印度空间研究组织(ISRO)过渡摆脱当前实践,甚至没有清楚说明FDI框架和规范可能宣布独立。
然而,它提倡ISRO将从制造操作空间系统过渡到集中精力研发的先进技术和应用程序。
政策瓶颈
这项政策是最积极,给民营企业在所有领域的机会。但让政策有效,自由的外国直接投资计划是必须的,预计很快出来。
另一个问题的紧迫性是频谱分配的问题,不可能是覆盖在新政策。
“我们希望电信部门(点)将准时出来. .我们看空间频谱分配只有行政方法和所有包括28个Ghz频率是全球空间频率的一部分,应该继续与空间。政府计划给部分陆地5克。但在全球范围内用于空间通信,如何继续,“正义与发展党Bhatt, DG,印度空间协会(当前)说。
他补充说,地面光谱是排斥的,不能共享而在太空中,频谱共享,所以无法不被拍卖。
部门,根据他的说法,需要监管机构和太空可以获得授权法案即将到来的空间活动。
“目前我们明白,启动子,授权和监管机构的空间将由太空。但后来随着政府可能看看这个,可能会得到证实的太空活动的法案。我们需要一个监管机构,是由政府的立法权,太空只会在太空活动法案的时候出来。”
“我们很快就被告知他们将太空活动法案草案磋商。两个问题将是非常重要的——责任和法律问题将法案”的一部分,Bhatt说。
电信行业分析师Mahesh Uppal说,政策是典型的意向声明。虽然是不现实的期望实现的所有细节,它将帮助如果它显示方向政策目标将如何实现。
“没有频谱将如何管理,导致电信行业的不确定性。这是一个明显的遗漏”,他指出。
Uppal,然而,没有考虑细节的缺失FDI作为一个严重的差距。
指出印度公司不严重依赖外国直接投资,他说:“外国直接投资是可取的但不是关键部门”的增长。
拍卖的卫星光谱
印度是全球第一个国家频谱拍卖卫星通信(卫星通信必要的规定和批准后)。
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车)以拍卖形式卫星通信谱在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
卫星公司一直对拍卖的频谱。他们认为,陆地频谱分配给移动公司和卫星公司是不同的——从用例,自然,光谱的应用。
但是,电信运营商认为,必须保证公平的竞争。
虽然双方球员的地方缩小数字鸿沟差距在这个国家最受欢迎的议程和银行对企业用例来提高收入,目前他们搭上互相站在频谱的分配方式。
“大政府关心的是使宽带连接到迄今为止无关的位置,这可以立即和最有效地通过卫星通信成本,“全球领先的卫星公司的一名高管表示。
卫星服务在全球范围内用于解决社会隔离,海上和空中旅行,困难和发现地点也灾难恢复和由国防需求,准军事部队,以及农业和教育等行业和多样化的业务。“拍卖不可能是有益的因为各种原因在这里。”
另一方面,电信行业说拍卖在印度是频谱分配的唯一途径。“频谱成本最大的一个因素在决定成本为用户服务。频谱分配地面和卫星的球员在不同的规范和定价,势必造成重大的套利成本为用户服务。”
“必须有一个公平的竞争环境的频谱分配方法以及定价的范围。——频谱分配应该发生在一个技术中立的基础电信服务供应商应免费将其部署卫星或地面,没有IMT频谱应该留给基于空间的通信服务,”现任电信公司之一说。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWebSpaceX公司和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
电视拉马钱德兰、总统、BIF说,“频谱拍卖是合乎逻辑的,需求超过供给的陆地移动访问服务。然而它是非常不切实际的,不正确的和无关紧要的供应不是限制因素对于卫星无线电波的运营商共享同一频谱没有任何限制。”
全球领先的卫星公司消息人士称的移动频谱和卫星无线电波是完全不同与排他性的使用,而且基于卫星频段拍卖将低效率使用的频谱除了破碎的无线电波。
补充说,卫星光谱空间的宽带公司之一是全球协调和不能不同在不同的国家,因此任何拍卖计划会导致复杂性,甚至可能是反竞争作为竞争对手可能会阻止甚至囤积频谱。“卫星频谱拍卖已经试过像我们这样的一些最大的市场,巴西和墨西哥,但都以失败告终。事实上在美国FCC不得不回到行政分配”,卫星公司说。
地面运营商认为,无线电波只能优化使用如果他们竞标和有效利用是保证通过拍卖除了找到合适的值。
分析分析师Ashwinder Sethi梅森说“频谱或其他资源的主要好处是找到值得和对资源的价值。”
“政府想做拍卖,卫星光谱的首选方法。你得到正确的资产的价格,这是唯一的好处的频谱拍卖。”
然而,Sethi补充说,印度可能会成为第一个国家卫星频谱拍卖。“不像电信频谱,卫星光谱不是作为运营商的要求,但有一个需求供应缺口地面光谱,如果需求超过供给,理想情况下拍卖的频谱发生市场来确定合适的价格。的频谱拍卖的好处,但条件是需求超过供给。”
部分,在咨询文件,监管机构也为用户的链接应该被问及频谱分配在国家层面上,或电信圈/ metro-wise除了给拍卖的选项,行政或任何其他的选择对于网关建立通信链接和用户链接空间。它没有专门拍卖仅被要求。
保留价格一样成为行政价格吗?
这个问题在到达一个底价如果没有全球的先例也提高了卫星频谱拍卖。
塞提说,在地面谱的情况下,政府或监管机构看频谱的技术价值。
因此卫星频谱拍卖,以防发生由于供应充足,无论底价政府将设置,将成为公司将购买的价格。所以在某种程度上成为行政分配,因为没有价格增加玩家之间的竞争。发生同样的方式当700 Mhz拍卖只有Jio频谱的底价了。
在移动的情况下,政府看着光谱的技术价值的净现值(NPV)的所有好处的运营商购买无线电波。卫星光谱的方法到达最低价格的总和是卫星光谱的技术和商业价值,他补充说。
理由拍卖仅
电信部长Ashwini Vaishnaw已经表示,政府将只通过拍卖分配频谱。
指两个目前行政分配发生的情况,他说点已经向火车给建议参考卫星和回程频谱拍卖。
沟通中火车2021年9月,点要求监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子的频谱拍卖,拍卖的频谱相关条件基于空间通信。
点的都有自己的理由寻求拍卖。除了按最高法院2012年裁定所有自然资源都应该拍卖得到正确的值。点了一个视图,将是未来需求的增加(卫星)谱强调需要这样的拍卖。
不用说,印度很可能采取一种谨慎的做法的背景下法院裁决。
在2012年一次里程碑式的判决中,最高法院取消了122 2 g牌照发放获得光谱和下令重新分配通过拍卖。它还认为使用第一和服务政策(先)分配自然资源是违宪的。它认为自然资源应该通过拍卖来分配。
”卫星通信的情况下,访问用户通过访问从卫星光谱,类似于地面网络和接入频谱的需求这样的光谱将可能增加未来”,点说通信的火车进一步监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子谱的拍卖。
拍卖的需求也不时获得牵引力。
在早前的互动等,依赖Jio总统欧门马修说卫星光谱从未拍卖在世界任何地方,说仅仅因为这些电波没有拍卖,并不意味着应是常态。
读也
“频谱的匮乏,我们应该考虑在印度。让我们(印度)铅从前面在卫星和频谱转换而不是说只是因为它是分配给30年或15年,我们应该继续这一过程。当技术的功能发生变化时,频谱的分配也变化”。
卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。“…让这种转换驱动从印度而不是一定说的东西已经在其他地方发生。拍卖是移动通信频谱分配的模式在印度,一种机制,Jio希望复制甚至卫星光谱欧门”,此前曾对ET。
对比研究分析师尼尔•沙阿说,卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。
5克的出现和应用,如物联网、越来越多的收敛性和重叠陆地从用例和non-terrestrial网络,网络体系结构和光谱的角度。通过一个公平的结果,提供卫星光谱拍卖场上的所有水平的服务提供商可以受益于这端业务的融合5 g时代,沙阿说。
“印度政府可以设置一个强大的先例与一个基于拍卖的方法来发展卫星行业先进的融合陆地和non-terrestrial从频谱的使用网络,连接,应用程序和商业模式视角”,他说。
spacecom的潜力
印度空间经济将价值128亿美元,到2025年,根据印度空间协会的一份报告(当前)和恩斯特和年轻。从太空中高速互联网交付需求使得发射卫星送入轨道一个繁荣的业务。到2025年,所谓的空间经济预计将从4470亿年的2020美元增长到6000亿美元,据安永(Ernst & Young)的估计。
印度的空间经济将增长到2025年13美元b的CAGR为6%。卫星电视服务和应用程序段将形成空间经济的最大份额,占总收入的36%,到2025年,Prashant Singhal说,新兴市场的科技、媒体和娱乐和通信(TMT)行业的领导者。
摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)的空间团队估计,大约3500亿美元全球航天工业可能会飙升到2040年的超过1万亿美元。
苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWeb和Jio卫星机构可能是第一批启动宽带服务从太空一旦政策和拍卖安定下来。显然印度企业和消费者关注的空间领域。负担得起的关税,是另一个大的领域,需要利益相关者的关注,可能会有一些恒星祭的日子里。
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>NEW DELHI: The Indian government and satellite companies are out to exploit the space<\/a> to achieve their objectives of connecting the unconnected, and offering ultra fast satellite broadband services for critical sectors such as the defence, homeland security, and disaster management.
The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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<\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":100392779,"title":"Elon Musk's SpaceX and Italy's Unipol join forces to help Italians hit by flooding","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/portal-in-portal\/satcom\/elon-musks-spacex-and-italys-unipol-join-forces-to-help-italians-hit-by-flooding\/100392779","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom"}],"related_content":[],"msid":100433535,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"In-depth: Can India address policy bottlenecks for a smooth space broadband roadmap?","synopsis":"The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.","titleseo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_link":"\/author\/479260762\/anjana-das","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/479260762.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":479260762,"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_seo_name":"anjanadas","designation":"Editorial Consultant","agency":false}}],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":427,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":1976000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2023-05-23 08:12:36","lastupd":"2023-05-23 08:12:38","breadcrumbTags":["space","reliance jio","sunil mittal","satellite communication","satcom","policy","Prime","ETTSpecial","OneWeb","indian space policy 2023"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap"}}" data-authors="[" anjana das"]" data-category-name="" data-category_id="" data-date="2023-05-23" data-index="article_1">
深入:印度解决政策瓶颈平滑空间宽带路线图吗?
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车),为卫星通信频谱拍卖形式在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
新德里:印度政府和卫星电视公司利用空间无关的连接来实现他们的目标,并提供超快速卫星宽带服务关键领域如国防、国土安全、灾害管理。
的空间
政策2023年被许多人誉为向印度的发展进入一个新的太空时代虽然给出了一个基本问题,小姐似乎更多的序言,即使它试图动摇一个巨大的空间资源。
路线图还揭示政府允许私营企业的战略执行端到端活动——从地球向太空发射卫星和火箭到操作站。政府允许私人低地球轨道(LEO)和地球轨道(MEO)卫星星座运营商从太空商业发射宽带服务。
专家认为,政策制定了一个雄心勃勃的和印度国家空间的大的作用促进和授权中心(太空),但离开它的,没有时间框架的必要步骤提前给它一个法定地位。太空目前正在作为一个监管机构没有任何立法权。
它将授权空间活动,政府和非政府实体。目前,它的位置是模棱两可的,因为它功能的范围下的空间(DoS)没有明显的计划建立一个监管框架。
期待已久的政策没有初步时间表印度空间研究组织(ISRO)过渡摆脱当前实践,甚至没有清楚说明FDI框架和规范可能宣布独立。
然而,它提倡ISRO将从制造操作空间系统过渡到集中精力研发的先进技术和应用程序。
政策瓶颈
这项政策是最积极,给民营企业在所有领域的机会。但让政策有效,自由的外国直接投资计划是必须的,预计很快出来。
另一个问题的紧迫性是频谱分配的问题,不可能是覆盖在新政策。
“我们希望电信部门(点)将准时出来. .我们看空间频谱分配只有行政方法和所有包括28个Ghz频率是全球空间频率的一部分,应该继续与空间。政府计划给部分陆地5克。但在全球范围内用于空间通信,如何继续,“正义与发展党Bhatt, DG,印度空间协会(当前)说。
他补充说,地面光谱是排斥的,不能共享而在太空中,频谱共享,所以无法不被拍卖。
部门,根据他的说法,需要监管机构和太空可以获得授权法案即将到来的空间活动。
“目前我们明白,启动子,授权和监管机构的空间将由太空。但后来随着政府可能看看这个,可能会得到证实的太空活动的法案。我们需要一个监管机构,是由政府的立法权,太空只会在太空活动法案的时候出来。”
“我们很快就被告知他们将太空活动法案草案磋商。两个问题将是非常重要的——责任和法律问题将法案”的一部分,Bhatt说。
电信行业分析师Mahesh Uppal说,政策是典型的意向声明。虽然是不现实的期望实现的所有细节,它将帮助如果它显示方向政策目标将如何实现。
“没有频谱将如何管理,导致电信行业的不确定性。这是一个明显的遗漏”,他指出。
Uppal,然而,没有考虑细节的缺失FDI作为一个严重的差距。
指出印度公司不严重依赖外国直接投资,他说:“外国直接投资是可取的但不是关键部门”的增长。
拍卖的卫星光谱
印度是全球第一个国家频谱拍卖卫星通信(卫星通信必要的规定和批准后)。
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车)以拍卖形式卫星通信谱在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
卫星公司一直对拍卖的频谱。他们认为,陆地频谱分配给移动公司和卫星公司是不同的——从用例,自然,光谱的应用。
但是,电信运营商认为,必须保证公平的竞争。
虽然双方球员的地方缩小数字鸿沟差距在这个国家最受欢迎的议程和银行对企业用例来提高收入,目前他们搭上互相站在频谱的分配方式。
“大政府关心的是使宽带连接到迄今为止无关的位置,这可以立即和最有效地通过卫星通信成本,“全球领先的卫星公司的一名高管表示。
卫星服务在全球范围内用于解决社会隔离,海上和空中旅行,困难和发现地点也灾难恢复和由国防需求,准军事部队,以及农业和教育等行业和多样化的业务。“拍卖不可能是有益的因为各种原因在这里。”
另一方面,电信行业说拍卖在印度是频谱分配的唯一途径。“频谱成本最大的一个因素在决定成本为用户服务。频谱分配地面和卫星的球员在不同的规范和定价,势必造成重大的套利成本为用户服务。”
“必须有一个公平的竞争环境的频谱分配方法以及定价的范围。——频谱分配应该发生在一个技术中立的基础电信服务供应商应免费将其部署卫星或地面,没有IMT频谱应该留给基于空间的通信服务,”现任电信公司之一说。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWebSpaceX公司和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
电视拉马钱德兰、总统、BIF说,“频谱拍卖是合乎逻辑的,需求超过供给的陆地移动访问服务。然而它是非常不切实际的,不正确的和无关紧要的供应不是限制因素对于卫星无线电波的运营商共享同一频谱没有任何限制。”
全球领先的卫星公司消息人士称的移动频谱和卫星无线电波是完全不同与排他性的使用,而且基于卫星频段拍卖将低效率使用的频谱除了破碎的无线电波。
补充说,卫星光谱空间的宽带公司之一是全球协调和不能不同在不同的国家,因此任何拍卖计划会导致复杂性,甚至可能是反竞争作为竞争对手可能会阻止甚至囤积频谱。“卫星频谱拍卖已经试过像我们这样的一些最大的市场,巴西和墨西哥,但都以失败告终。事实上在美国FCC不得不回到行政分配”,卫星公司说。
地面运营商认为,无线电波只能优化使用如果他们竞标和有效利用是保证通过拍卖除了找到合适的值。
分析分析师Ashwinder Sethi梅森说“频谱或其他资源的主要好处是找到值得和对资源的价值。”
“政府想做拍卖,卫星光谱的首选方法。你得到正确的资产的价格,这是唯一的好处的频谱拍卖。”
然而,Sethi补充说,印度可能会成为第一个国家卫星频谱拍卖。“不像电信频谱,卫星光谱不是作为运营商的要求,但有一个需求供应缺口地面光谱,如果需求超过供给,理想情况下拍卖的频谱发生市场来确定合适的价格。的频谱拍卖的好处,但条件是需求超过供给。”
部分,在咨询文件,监管机构也为用户的链接应该被问及频谱分配在国家层面上,或电信圈/ metro-wise除了给拍卖的选项,行政或任何其他的选择对于网关建立通信链接和用户链接空间。它没有专门拍卖仅被要求。
保留价格一样成为行政价格吗?
这个问题在到达一个底价如果没有全球的先例也提高了卫星频谱拍卖。
塞提说,在地面谱的情况下,政府或监管机构看频谱的技术价值。
因此卫星频谱拍卖,以防发生由于供应充足,无论底价政府将设置,将成为公司将购买的价格。所以在某种程度上成为行政分配,因为没有价格增加玩家之间的竞争。发生同样的方式当700 Mhz拍卖只有Jio频谱的底价了。
在移动的情况下,政府看着光谱的技术价值的净现值(NPV)的所有好处的运营商购买无线电波。卫星光谱的方法到达最低价格的总和是卫星光谱的技术和商业价值,他补充说。
理由拍卖仅
电信部长Ashwini Vaishnaw已经表示,政府将只通过拍卖分配频谱。
指两个目前行政分配发生的情况,他说点已经向火车给建议参考卫星和回程频谱拍卖。
沟通中火车2021年9月,点要求监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子的频谱拍卖,拍卖的频谱相关条件基于空间通信。
点的都有自己的理由寻求拍卖。除了按最高法院2012年裁定所有自然资源都应该拍卖得到正确的值。点了一个视图,将是未来需求的增加(卫星)谱强调需要这样的拍卖。
不用说,印度很可能采取一种谨慎的做法的背景下法院裁决。
在2012年一次里程碑式的判决中,最高法院取消了122 2 g牌照发放获得光谱和下令重新分配通过拍卖。它还认为使用第一和服务政策(先)分配自然资源是违宪的。它认为自然资源应该通过拍卖来分配。
”卫星通信的情况下,访问用户通过访问从卫星光谱,类似于地面网络和接入频谱的需求这样的光谱将可能增加未来”,点说通信的火车进一步监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子谱的拍卖。
拍卖的需求也不时获得牵引力。
在早前的互动等,依赖Jio总统欧门马修说卫星光谱从未拍卖在世界任何地方,说仅仅因为这些电波没有拍卖,并不意味着应是常态。
读也
“频谱的匮乏,我们应该考虑在印度。让我们(印度)铅从前面在卫星和频谱转换而不是说只是因为它是分配给30年或15年,我们应该继续这一过程。当技术的功能发生变化时,频谱的分配也变化”。
卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。“…让这种转换驱动从印度而不是一定说的东西已经在其他地方发生。拍卖是移动通信频谱分配的模式在印度,一种机制,Jio希望复制甚至卫星光谱欧门”,此前曾对ET。
对比研究分析师尼尔•沙阿说,卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。
5克的出现和应用,如物联网、越来越多的收敛性和重叠陆地从用例和non-terrestrial网络,网络体系结构和光谱的角度。通过一个公平的结果,提供卫星光谱拍卖场上的所有水平的服务提供商可以受益于这端业务的融合5 g时代,沙阿说。
“印度政府可以设置一个强大的先例与一个基于拍卖的方法来发展卫星行业先进的融合陆地和non-terrestrial从频谱的使用网络,连接,应用程序和商业模式视角”,他说。
spacecom的潜力
印度空间经济将价值128亿美元,到2025年,根据印度空间协会的一份报告(当前)和恩斯特和年轻。从太空中高速互联网交付需求使得发射卫星送入轨道一个繁荣的业务。到2025年,所谓的空间经济预计将从4470亿年的2020美元增长到6000亿美元,据安永(Ernst & Young)的估计。
印度的空间经济将增长到2025年13美元b的CAGR为6%。卫星电视服务和应用程序段将形成空间经济的最大份额,占总收入的36%,到2025年,Prashant Singhal说,新兴市场的科技、媒体和娱乐和通信(TMT)行业的领导者。
摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)的空间团队估计,大约3500亿美元全球航天工业可能会飙升到2040年的超过1万亿美元。
苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWeb和Jio卫星机构可能是第一批启动宽带服务从太空一旦政策和拍卖安定下来。显然印度企业和消费者关注的空间领域。负担得起的关税,是另一个大的领域,需要利益相关者的关注,可能会有一些恒星祭的日子里。
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>NEW DELHI: The Indian government and satellite companies are out to exploit the space<\/a> to achieve their objectives of connecting the unconnected, and offering ultra fast satellite broadband services for critical sectors such as the defence, homeland security, and disaster management.
The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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<\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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深入:印度解决政策瓶颈平滑空间宽带路线图吗?
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车),为卫星通信频谱拍卖形式在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
新德里:印度政府和卫星电视公司利用空间无关的连接来实现他们的目标,并提供超快速卫星宽带服务关键领域如国防、国土安全、灾害管理。
的空间
政策2023年被许多人誉为向印度的发展进入一个新的太空时代虽然给出了一个基本问题,小姐似乎更多的序言,即使它试图动摇一个巨大的空间资源。
路线图还揭示政府允许私营企业的战略执行端到端活动——从地球向太空发射卫星和火箭到操作站。政府允许私人低地球轨道(LEO)和地球轨道(MEO)卫星星座运营商从太空商业发射宽带服务。
专家认为,政策制定了一个雄心勃勃的和印度国家空间的大的作用促进和授权中心(太空),但离开它的,没有时间框架的必要步骤提前给它一个法定地位。太空目前正在作为一个监管机构没有任何立法权。
它将授权空间活动,政府和非政府实体。目前,它的位置是模棱两可的,因为它功能的范围下的空间(DoS)没有明显的计划建立一个监管框架。
期待已久的政策没有初步时间表印度空间研究组织(ISRO)过渡摆脱当前实践,甚至没有清楚说明FDI框架和规范可能宣布独立。
然而,它提倡ISRO将从制造操作空间系统过渡到集中精力研发的先进技术和应用程序。
政策瓶颈
这项政策是最积极,给民营企业在所有领域的机会。但让政策有效,自由的外国直接投资计划是必须的,预计很快出来。
另一个问题的紧迫性是频谱分配的问题,不可能是覆盖在新政策。
“我们希望电信部门(点)将准时出来. .我们看空间频谱分配只有行政方法和所有包括28个Ghz频率是全球空间频率的一部分,应该继续与空间。政府计划给部分陆地5克。但在全球范围内用于空间通信,如何继续,“正义与发展党Bhatt, DG,印度空间协会(当前)说。
他补充说,地面光谱是排斥的,不能共享而在太空中,频谱共享,所以无法不被拍卖。
部门,根据他的说法,需要监管机构和太空可以获得授权法案即将到来的空间活动。
“目前我们明白,启动子,授权和监管机构的空间将由太空。但后来随着政府可能看看这个,可能会得到证实的太空活动的法案。我们需要一个监管机构,是由政府的立法权,太空只会在太空活动法案的时候出来。”
“我们很快就被告知他们将太空活动法案草案磋商。两个问题将是非常重要的——责任和法律问题将法案”的一部分,Bhatt说。
电信行业分析师Mahesh Uppal说,政策是典型的意向声明。虽然是不现实的期望实现的所有细节,它将帮助如果它显示方向政策目标将如何实现。
“没有频谱将如何管理,导致电信行业的不确定性。这是一个明显的遗漏”,他指出。
Uppal,然而,没有考虑细节的缺失FDI作为一个严重的差距。
指出印度公司不严重依赖外国直接投资,他说:“外国直接投资是可取的但不是关键部门”的增长。
拍卖的卫星光谱
印度是全球第一个国家频谱拍卖卫星通信(卫星通信必要的规定和批准后)。
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车)以拍卖形式卫星通信谱在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
卫星公司一直对拍卖的频谱。他们认为,陆地频谱分配给移动公司和卫星公司是不同的——从用例,自然,光谱的应用。
但是,电信运营商认为,必须保证公平的竞争。
虽然双方球员的地方缩小数字鸿沟差距在这个国家最受欢迎的议程和银行对企业用例来提高收入,目前他们搭上互相站在频谱的分配方式。
“大政府关心的是使宽带连接到迄今为止无关的位置,这可以立即和最有效地通过卫星通信成本,“全球领先的卫星公司的一名高管表示。
卫星服务在全球范围内用于解决社会隔离,海上和空中旅行,困难和发现地点也灾难恢复和由国防需求,准军事部队,以及农业和教育等行业和多样化的业务。“拍卖不可能是有益的因为各种原因在这里。”
另一方面,电信行业说拍卖在印度是频谱分配的唯一途径。“频谱成本最大的一个因素在决定成本为用户服务。频谱分配地面和卫星的球员在不同的规范和定价,势必造成重大的套利成本为用户服务。”
“必须有一个公平的竞争环境的频谱分配方法以及定价的范围。——频谱分配应该发生在一个技术中立的基础电信服务供应商应免费将其部署卫星或地面,没有IMT频谱应该留给基于空间的通信服务,”现任电信公司之一说。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWebSpaceX公司和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
电视拉马钱德兰、总统、BIF说,“频谱拍卖是合乎逻辑的,需求超过供给的陆地移动访问服务。然而它是非常不切实际的,不正确的和无关紧要的供应不是限制因素对于卫星无线电波的运营商共享同一频谱没有任何限制。”
全球领先的卫星公司消息人士称的移动频谱和卫星无线电波是完全不同与排他性的使用,而且基于卫星频段拍卖将低效率使用的频谱除了破碎的无线电波。
补充说,卫星光谱空间的宽带公司之一是全球协调和不能不同在不同的国家,因此任何拍卖计划会导致复杂性,甚至可能是反竞争作为竞争对手可能会阻止甚至囤积频谱。“卫星频谱拍卖已经试过像我们这样的一些最大的市场,巴西和墨西哥,但都以失败告终。事实上在美国FCC不得不回到行政分配”,卫星公司说。
地面运营商认为,无线电波只能优化使用如果他们竞标和有效利用是保证通过拍卖除了找到合适的值。
分析分析师Ashwinder Sethi梅森说“频谱或其他资源的主要好处是找到值得和对资源的价值。”
“政府想做拍卖,卫星光谱的首选方法。你得到正确的资产的价格,这是唯一的好处的频谱拍卖。”
然而,Sethi补充说,印度可能会成为第一个国家卫星频谱拍卖。“不像电信频谱,卫星光谱不是作为运营商的要求,但有一个需求供应缺口地面光谱,如果需求超过供给,理想情况下拍卖的频谱发生市场来确定合适的价格。的频谱拍卖的好处,但条件是需求超过供给。”
部分,在咨询文件,监管机构也为用户的链接应该被问及频谱分配在国家层面上,或电信圈/ metro-wise除了给拍卖的选项,行政或任何其他的选择对于网关建立通信链接和用户链接空间。它没有专门拍卖仅被要求。
保留价格一样成为行政价格吗?
这个问题在到达一个底价如果没有全球的先例也提高了卫星频谱拍卖。
塞提说,在地面谱的情况下,政府或监管机构看频谱的技术价值。
因此卫星频谱拍卖,以防发生由于供应充足,无论底价政府将设置,将成为公司将购买的价格。所以在某种程度上成为行政分配,因为没有价格增加玩家之间的竞争。发生同样的方式当700 Mhz拍卖只有Jio频谱的底价了。
在移动的情况下,政府看着光谱的技术价值的净现值(NPV)的所有好处的运营商购买无线电波。卫星光谱的方法到达最低价格的总和是卫星光谱的技术和商业价值,他补充说。
理由拍卖仅
电信部长Ashwini Vaishnaw已经表示,政府将只通过拍卖分配频谱。
指两个目前行政分配发生的情况,他说点已经向火车给建议参考卫星和回程频谱拍卖。
沟通中火车2021年9月,点要求监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子的频谱拍卖,拍卖的频谱相关条件基于空间通信。
点的都有自己的理由寻求拍卖。除了按最高法院2012年裁定所有自然资源都应该拍卖得到正确的值。点了一个视图,将是未来需求的增加(卫星)谱强调需要这样的拍卖。
不用说,印度很可能采取一种谨慎的做法的背景下法院裁决。
在2012年一次里程碑式的判决中,最高法院取消了122 2 g牌照发放获得光谱和下令重新分配通过拍卖。它还认为使用第一和服务政策(先)分配自然资源是违宪的。它认为自然资源应该通过拍卖来分配。
”卫星通信的情况下,访问用户通过访问从卫星光谱,类似于地面网络和接入频谱的需求这样的光谱将可能增加未来”,点说通信的火车进一步监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子谱的拍卖。
拍卖的需求也不时获得牵引力。
在早前的互动等,依赖Jio总统欧门马修说卫星光谱从未拍卖在世界任何地方,说仅仅因为这些电波没有拍卖,并不意味着应是常态。
读也
“频谱的匮乏,我们应该考虑在印度。让我们(印度)铅从前面在卫星和频谱转换而不是说只是因为它是分配给30年或15年,我们应该继续这一过程。当技术的功能发生变化时,频谱的分配也变化”。
卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。“…让这种转换驱动从印度而不是一定说的东西已经在其他地方发生。拍卖是移动通信频谱分配的模式在印度,一种机制,Jio希望复制甚至卫星光谱欧门”,此前曾对ET。
对比研究分析师尼尔•沙阿说,卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。
5克的出现和应用,如物联网、越来越多的收敛性和重叠陆地从用例和non-terrestrial网络,网络体系结构和光谱的角度。通过一个公平的结果,提供卫星光谱拍卖场上的所有水平的服务提供商可以受益于这端业务的融合5 g时代,沙阿说。
“印度政府可以设置一个强大的先例与一个基于拍卖的方法来发展卫星行业先进的融合陆地和non-terrestrial从频谱的使用网络,连接,应用程序和商业模式视角”,他说。
spacecom的潜力
印度空间经济将价值128亿美元,到2025年,根据印度空间协会的一份报告(当前)和恩斯特和年轻。从太空中高速互联网交付需求使得发射卫星送入轨道一个繁荣的业务。到2025年,所谓的空间经济预计将从4470亿年的2020美元增长到6000亿美元,据安永(Ernst & Young)的估计。
印度的空间经济将增长到2025年13美元b的CAGR为6%。卫星电视服务和应用程序段将形成空间经济的最大份额,占总收入的36%,到2025年,Prashant Singhal说,新兴市场的科技、媒体和娱乐和通信(TMT)行业的领导者。
摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)的空间团队估计,大约3500亿美元全球航天工业可能会飙升到2040年的超过1万亿美元。
苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWeb和Jio卫星机构可能是第一批启动宽带服务从太空一旦政策和拍卖安定下来。显然印度企业和消费者关注的空间领域。负担得起的关税,是另一个大的领域,需要利益相关者的关注,可能会有一些恒星祭的日子里。
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>NEW DELHI: The Indian government and satellite companies are out to exploit the space<\/a> to achieve their objectives of connecting the unconnected, and offering ultra fast satellite broadband services for critical sectors such as the defence, homeland security, and disaster management.
The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
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深入:印度解决政策瓶颈平滑空间宽带路线图吗?
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车),为卫星通信频谱拍卖形式在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
读到
的空间 政策2023年被许多人誉为向印度的发展进入一个新的太空时代虽然给出了一个基本问题,小姐似乎更多的序言,即使它试图动摇一个巨大的空间资源。
路线图还揭示政府允许私营企业的战略执行端到端活动——从地球向太空发射卫星和火箭到操作站。政府允许私人低地球轨道(LEO)和地球轨道(MEO)卫星星座运营商从太空商业发射宽带服务。
专家认为,政策制定了一个雄心勃勃的和印度国家空间的大的作用促进和授权中心(太空),但离开它的,没有时间框架的必要步骤提前给它一个法定地位。太空目前正在作为一个监管机构没有任何立法权。
它将授权空间活动,政府和非政府实体。目前,它的位置是模棱两可的,因为它功能的范围下的空间(DoS)没有明显的计划建立一个监管框架。
期待已久的政策没有初步时间表印度空间研究组织(ISRO)过渡摆脱当前实践,甚至没有清楚说明FDI框架和规范可能宣布独立。
然而,它提倡ISRO将从制造操作空间系统过渡到集中精力研发的先进技术和应用程序。
政策瓶颈
这项政策是最积极,给民营企业在所有领域的机会。但让政策有效,自由的外国直接投资计划是必须的,预计很快出来。
另一个问题的紧迫性是频谱分配的问题,不可能是覆盖在新政策。
“我们希望电信部门(点)将准时出来. .我们看空间频谱分配只有行政方法和所有包括28个Ghz频率是全球空间频率的一部分,应该继续与空间。政府计划给部分陆地5克。但在全球范围内用于空间通信,如何继续,“正义与发展党Bhatt, DG,印度空间协会(当前)说。
他补充说,地面光谱是排斥的,不能共享而在太空中,频谱共享,所以无法不被拍卖。
部门,根据他的说法,需要监管机构和太空可以获得授权法案即将到来的空间活动。
“目前我们明白,启动子,授权和监管机构的空间将由太空。但后来随着政府可能看看这个,可能会得到证实的太空活动的法案。我们需要一个监管机构,是由政府的立法权,太空只会在太空活动法案的时候出来。”
“我们很快就被告知他们将太空活动法案草案磋商。两个问题将是非常重要的——责任和法律问题将法案”的一部分,Bhatt说。
电信行业分析师Mahesh Uppal说,政策是典型的意向声明。虽然是不现实的期望实现的所有细节,它将帮助如果它显示方向政策目标将如何实现。
“没有频谱将如何管理,导致电信行业的不确定性。这是一个明显的遗漏”,他指出。
Uppal,然而,没有考虑细节的缺失FDI作为一个严重的差距。
指出印度公司不严重依赖外国直接投资,他说:“外国直接投资是可取的但不是关键部门”的增长。
拍卖的卫星光谱
印度是全球第一个国家频谱拍卖卫星通信(卫星通信必要的规定和批准后)。
电信部门(点)被称为印度的电信监管机构(火车)以拍卖形式卫星通信谱在要求它在量子给建议,乐队和底价。决定可能只来一次监管部门给了建议,在数字通信委员会(DCC) highest-decision做的身体,将采取行动。
卫星公司一直对拍卖的频谱。他们认为,陆地频谱分配给移动公司和卫星公司是不同的——从用例,自然,光谱的应用。
但是,电信运营商认为,必须保证公平的竞争。
虽然双方球员的地方缩小数字鸿沟差距在这个国家最受欢迎的议程和银行对企业用例来提高收入,目前他们搭上互相站在频谱的分配方式。
“大政府关心的是使宽带连接到迄今为止无关的位置,这可以立即和最有效地通过卫星通信成本,“全球领先的卫星公司的一名高管表示。
卫星服务在全球范围内用于解决社会隔离,海上和空中旅行,困难和发现地点也灾难恢复和由国防需求,准军事部队,以及农业和教育等行业和多样化的业务。“拍卖不可能是有益的因为各种原因在这里。”
另一方面,电信行业说拍卖在印度是频谱分配的唯一途径。“频谱成本最大的一个因素在决定成本为用户服务。频谱分配地面和卫星的球员在不同的规范和定价,势必造成重大的套利成本为用户服务。”
“必须有一个公平的竞争环境的频谱分配方法以及定价的范围。——频谱分配应该发生在一个技术中立的基础电信服务供应商应免费将其部署卫星或地面,没有IMT频谱应该留给基于空间的通信服务,”现任电信公司之一说。
宽带论坛印度计数技术专业和亚马逊一样,苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWebSpaceX公司和休斯在其成员说,拍卖将是一个错误的方法一个非排他性资源就像轨道谱。
电视拉马钱德兰、总统、BIF说,“频谱拍卖是合乎逻辑的,需求超过供给的陆地移动访问服务。然而它是非常不切实际的,不正确的和无关紧要的供应不是限制因素对于卫星无线电波的运营商共享同一频谱没有任何限制。”
全球领先的卫星公司消息人士称的移动频谱和卫星无线电波是完全不同与排他性的使用,而且基于卫星频段拍卖将低效率使用的频谱除了破碎的无线电波。
补充说,卫星光谱空间的宽带公司之一是全球协调和不能不同在不同的国家,因此任何拍卖计划会导致复杂性,甚至可能是反竞争作为竞争对手可能会阻止甚至囤积频谱。“卫星频谱拍卖已经试过像我们这样的一些最大的市场,巴西和墨西哥,但都以失败告终。事实上在美国FCC不得不回到行政分配”,卫星公司说。
地面运营商认为,无线电波只能优化使用如果他们竞标和有效利用是保证通过拍卖除了找到合适的值。
分析分析师Ashwinder Sethi梅森说“频谱或其他资源的主要好处是找到值得和对资源的价值。”
“政府想做拍卖,卫星光谱的首选方法。你得到正确的资产的价格,这是唯一的好处的频谱拍卖。”
然而,Sethi补充说,印度可能会成为第一个国家卫星频谱拍卖。“不像电信频谱,卫星光谱不是作为运营商的要求,但有一个需求供应缺口地面光谱,如果需求超过供给,理想情况下拍卖的频谱发生市场来确定合适的价格。的频谱拍卖的好处,但条件是需求超过供给。”
部分,在咨询文件,监管机构也为用户的链接应该被问及频谱分配在国家层面上,或电信圈/ metro-wise除了给拍卖的选项,行政或任何其他的选择对于网关建立通信链接和用户链接空间。它没有专门拍卖仅被要求。
保留价格一样成为行政价格吗?
这个问题在到达一个底价如果没有全球的先例也提高了卫星频谱拍卖。
塞提说,在地面谱的情况下,政府或监管机构看频谱的技术价值。
因此卫星频谱拍卖,以防发生由于供应充足,无论底价政府将设置,将成为公司将购买的价格。所以在某种程度上成为行政分配,因为没有价格增加玩家之间的竞争。发生同样的方式当700 Mhz拍卖只有Jio频谱的底价了。
在移动的情况下,政府看着光谱的技术价值的净现值(NPV)的所有好处的运营商购买无线电波。卫星光谱的方法到达最低价格的总和是卫星光谱的技术和商业价值,他补充说。
理由拍卖仅
电信部长Ashwini Vaishnaw已经表示,政府将只通过拍卖分配频谱。
指两个目前行政分配发生的情况,他说点已经向火车给建议参考卫星和回程频谱拍卖。
沟通中火车2021年9月,点要求监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子的频谱拍卖,拍卖的频谱相关条件基于空间通信。
点的都有自己的理由寻求拍卖。除了按最高法院2012年裁定所有自然资源都应该拍卖得到正确的值。点了一个视图,将是未来需求的增加(卫星)谱强调需要这样的拍卖。
不用说,印度很可能采取一种谨慎的做法的背景下法院裁决。
在2012年一次里程碑式的判决中,最高法院取消了122 2 g牌照发放获得光谱和下令重新分配通过拍卖。它还认为使用第一和服务政策(先)分配自然资源是违宪的。它认为自然资源应该通过拍卖来分配。
”卫星通信的情况下,访问用户通过访问从卫星光谱,类似于地面网络和接入频谱的需求这样的光谱将可能增加未来”,点说通信的火车进一步监管机构提供建议保留价格,合适的频段,乐队计划,块大小,适用的储备规模,量子谱的拍卖。
拍卖的需求也不时获得牵引力。
在早前的互动等,依赖Jio总统欧门马修说卫星光谱从未拍卖在世界任何地方,说仅仅因为这些电波没有拍卖,并不意味着应是常态。
读也
“频谱的匮乏,我们应该考虑在印度。让我们(印度)铅从前面在卫星和频谱转换而不是说只是因为它是分配给30年或15年,我们应该继续这一过程。当技术的功能发生变化时,频谱的分配也变化”。
卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。“…让这种转换驱动从印度而不是一定说的东西已经在其他地方发生。拍卖是移动通信频谱分配的模式在印度,一种机制,Jio希望复制甚至卫星光谱欧门”,此前曾对ET。
对比研究分析师尼尔•沙阿说,卫星今天竞争能力提供相同的服务和移动宽带一样,因此,同样的规则应适用。
5克的出现和应用,如物联网、越来越多的收敛性和重叠陆地从用例和non-terrestrial网络,网络体系结构和光谱的角度。通过一个公平的结果,提供卫星光谱拍卖场上的所有水平的服务提供商可以受益于这端业务的融合5 g时代,沙阿说。
“印度政府可以设置一个强大的先例与一个基于拍卖的方法来发展卫星行业先进的融合陆地和non-terrestrial从频谱的使用网络,连接,应用程序和商业模式视角”,他说。
spacecom的潜力
印度空间经济将价值128亿美元,到2025年,根据印度空间协会的一份报告(当前)和恩斯特和年轻。从太空中高速互联网交付需求使得发射卫星送入轨道一个繁荣的业务。到2025年,所谓的空间经济预计将从4470亿年的2020美元增长到6000亿美元,据安永(Ernst & Young)的估计。
印度的空间经济将增长到2025年13美元b的CAGR为6%。卫星电视服务和应用程序段将形成空间经济的最大份额,占总收入的36%,到2025年,Prashant Singhal说,新兴市场的科技、媒体和娱乐和通信(TMT)行业的领导者。
摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)的空间团队估计,大约3500亿美元全球航天工业可能会飙升到2040年的超过1万亿美元。
苏尼尔Mittal-backedOneWeb和Jio卫星机构可能是第一批启动宽带服务从太空一旦政策和拍卖安定下来。显然印度企业和消费者关注的空间领域。负担得起的关税,是另一个大的领域,需要利益相关者的关注,可能会有一些恒星祭的日子里。
The space<\/a> policy<\/a> 2023 hailed by many as a progression towards India’s entry into a new space age while it gives a miss to basic issues, and appears to be more of a preamble, even as it tries to shake up a huge space resource.
The roadmap also unveils the government’s strategy to allow private enterprises carry out end-to-end activities - from launching satellites and rockets into space to operating earth stations. The government allowed private low-earth orbit (LEO) and medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite constellation operators to commercially launch broadband from space services in the country.
Experts say that the policy<\/a> sets out an ambitious and larger role for the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) but leaves it open-ended with no time frame for the necessary steps ahead to give it a statutory status. IN-SPACe is currently working as a regulatory body without any legislative authority.
It is expected to authorise space activities for all, both government and non-government entities. Currently, its position is ambiguous as it functions under the purview of the department of space (DoS) with no apparent schedule to create a regulatory framework.
The much-awaited policy has no tentative timeline for Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transitioning out of its current practices, and even did not spell out FDI framework and norms that may be announced separately.
However, it advocates that the ISRO would transition from manufacturing operational space systems to focus its energies on R&D in advanced technologies and applications.
Policy bottlenecks<\/strong>
The policy is most positive and gives private players the opportunity in all domains. But to make policy effective, liberal FDI initiative is a must, and is expected to come out soon.
The other issue in terms of urgency is the issue of allocation of spectrum which could not have been covered in the new policy.
\"We want the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to bring that out on time .. we look at space spectrum being allocated only by administrative method and all frequencies including 28 Ghz which is part of space frequencies globally, should continue with space. Government has plans to give some part of it to terrestrial 5G. But globally it is used for space communication and that's how it should continue,\" AK Bhatt, DG, Indian Space Association (ISpA) said.
He added that the terrestrial spectrum is exclusive and not shared whereas in space, the spectrum is shared, so it couldn't not be auctioned.
The sector, according to him, needed a regulator and the IN-SPACe could get the mandate on the upcoming Space Activities Bill.
\"Presently as we understand, the promoter, authoriser and regulator of space will be carried out by IN-SPACe. But later as the government may have a look at this and may get confirmed by the Space Activities bill. We do require a regulator, it is up to the government to see to it and the legislative powers of IN-SPACe will only come when the Space Activities bill comes out.\"
\"We have been told very soon they will take out the draft Space Activities bill for consultation. Two issues will be of very importance - liability and regulations issues which will be part of the bill\", Bhatt added.
Telecom sector analyst Mahesh Uppal says the policy is typically a statement of intent. While it is unrealistic to expect in it all the details of implementation, it would have helped if it showed direction on how the policy objectives will be achieved.
\"It has nothing on how spectrum will be managed, causing much uncertainty in the telecom sector. This is a conspicuous omission\", he pointed out.
Uppal, however, did not consider the absence of details on FDI as a serious gap.
Stating that Indian companies are not critically dependent on FDI, he said \"FDI is desirable but not critical to the growth of the sector\".
Auction of Satellite Spectrum<\/strong>
India would be the first country globally to auction spectrum for satellite communication<\/a> (satcom<\/a>) following necessary regulations and approvals.
The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom<\/a> spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.
The satellite companies have been against auction of the spectrum. They are of the view that terrestrial spectrum as allotted to mobile companies and the satellite companies are different – from use cases, nature, and application of the spectrum.
But, telecom carriers argue that a level-playing field must be ensured.
While both side players place closing the digital divide gap in the country as their top agenda and bank on enterprise use cases to boost revenues, currently they are pitched against each other on their stand on mode of allocation of spectrum.
“The larger concern for the government is to make broadband connectivity reach to hitherto unconnected locations and this can be immediately and most cost effectively achieved through satellite communications,\" an executive of a leading global satellite company said.
Satellite-based services are used worldwide to address community isolation, maritime and air travel, difficult and uncovered locations as also disaster recovery and are in demand by defence, paramilitary forces, as well as in sectors such as agriculture and education and for diversely located businesses. \"Auction could not be helpful here for various reasons.”
On the flip side, the telecom industry said auction is the only route for spectrum allocation in India. \"Cost of spectrum is one of the biggest factors in determining cost to serve the subscribers. Spectrum allocation to terrestrial and satellite players on different norms and pricing, is bound to create significant arbitrage of cost to serve subscribers.\"
\"There has to be a level playing field in terms of spectrum allocation methodology as well as pricing of the spectrum. - Spectrum allocation should happen on a technology neutral basis Telecom service providers should be free to deploy it for satellite or terrestrial- and no IMT spectrum should be reserved for space based communication services,\" one of the incumbent telcos said.
Broadband India Forum which counts tech majors like Amazon, Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a>, SpaceX and Hughes amongst its members says auction would be a wrong approach to a non-exclusive resource like orbital spectrum.
TV Ramachandran, president, BIF says, “Spectrum auction is logical where demand is in excess of supply as in the case of terrestrial mobile access services. However it is highly impractical, incorrect and irrelevant where supply is not a limiting factor like in the case of satellite radio waves where the operators share the same spectrum without any limit.”
A leading global satellite company source said the case of mobile spectrum and satellite radio waves is completely different from each other with respect to exclusivity of usage, and moreover auction for satellite based spectrum would be inefficient use of spectrum besides fragmenting the radio waves.
One of the space broadband companies added that satellite spectrum is globally coordinated and cannot be different in different countries and hence any auction plan would lead to complexities and may even turn out to be anti competitive as competitors may block or even hoard spectrum. \"Auction of satellite spectrum has been tried in some of the biggest markets like US, Brazil and Mexico and failed. In fact the FCC in the US had to revert back to administrative allocation\", the satellite company said.
The terrestrial operators argue that radio waves could only be optimally used if they are bid for and their efficient use is ensured through auction only besides finding the right value.
Ashwinder Sethi, analyst at Analysis Mason says \"The main benefit of spectrum or any other resources is to find the deserving and right value of that resource.\"
\"Government wants to do an auction, and that's the preferred approach for satellite spectrum. You get the right price of the asset and that's the only benefit of having a spectrum auction.\"
Sethi, however, adds that India will probably be the first country to auction satellite spectrum. \"Unlike telecom spectrum , the satellite spectrum is not as demanded by the operators, but there is a demand supply gap for terrestrial spectrum and if demand exceeds supply, ideally auctioning the spectrum takes place for the market to determine the right price. That's the benefit of spectrum auction but the condition is demand exceeds supply has to be there.\"
On its part, in the consultation paper, the regulator has also asked whether spectrum for user links should be assigned at the national level, or telecom circle\/ metro-wise besides giving the options of auction, administrative or any other option for both gateway links and user links space based communications. It has not specifically been asked on auction only.
Reserve price becomes the same as administrative price?
<\/strong>
The question over arriving at a reserve price if there is no global precedent has also been raised for satellite spectrum auction.
Sethi says in the case of terrestrial spectrum, the government or the regulator look at the technical value of the spectrum.
So in case an auction takes place for satellite spectrum since supply is abundant, whatever the reserve price the government will set, will become the price at which companies will buy the spectrum. So in a way it becomes administrative allocation because there is no competition among the players for increasing the prices. It happened the same way when 700 Mhz got auctioned where only Jio got the spectrum at a reserve price.
In the case of mobile spectrum, the government looks at the technical value of the spectrum which is the net present value (NPV) of all the benefits to the operators from buying the radio waves. For satellite spectrum, the approach for arriving at the reserve price is the sum total of the technical and commercial value of satellite spectrum, he added.
Rationale for auction only
<\/strong>
Telecom minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has already stated that the government would allocate spectrum only through auctions.
Referring to two cases where currently administrative allocations take place, he had said the DoT had already sent a reference to Trai to give recommendations for satellite and backhaul spectrum through auction.
In a communication to TRAI in September 2021, DoT had asked the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned and associated conditions for auction of spectrum for space based communications .
DoT's has its own rationale for seeking auction. Besides as per the Supreme Court 2012 ruling on all natural resources should be auctioned to get their right value. DoT held a view that there is going to be an increase in future demand for such (satellite) spectrum stressing the need to auction them.
Needless to say that India is likely to take a cautious approach on the backdrop of the apex court verdict.
In a landmark judgment in 2012, the Supreme Court had cancelled 122 2G licences granting access to spectrum and had ordered their re-allocation by means of an auction. It also held that use of first cum first serve policy (FCFS) to allocate natural resources was unconstitutional. It had held that natural resources should be allocated through auctions.
\"In case of satellite communication, the subscriber is accessed from the satellite through access spectrum, similar to access spectrum in terrestrial network and the demand for such spectrum will potentially increase in the future\", DoT said in the communications to TRAI further adding that the regulator to provide recommendations on reserve price, appropriate frequency bands, band plan, block size, applicable reserve size , quantum of spectrum to be auctioned.
The demand for auctions has also gained traction from time to time.
In an earlier interaction with ET, Reliance Jio<\/a> president Mathew Oommen had said satellite spectrum has never been auctioned anywhere in the world, saying just because such airwaves have not been auctioned ever, doesn’t mean that should be the norm going forward.
Read also<\/h4><\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":100392779,"title":"Elon Musk's SpaceX and Italy's Unipol join forces to help Italians hit by flooding","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/portal-in-portal\/satcom\/elon-musks-spacex-and-italys-unipol-join-forces-to-help-italians-hit-by-flooding\/100392779","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom"}],"related_content":[],"msid":100433535,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"In-depth: Can India address policy bottlenecks for a smooth space broadband roadmap?","synopsis":"The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.","titleseo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_link":"\/author\/479260762\/anjana-das","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/479260762.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":479260762,"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_seo_name":"anjanadas","designation":"Editorial Consultant","agency":false}}],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":427,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":1976000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2023-05-23 08:12:36","lastupd":"2023-05-23 08:12:38","breadcrumbTags":["space","reliance jio","sunil mittal","satellite communication","satcom","policy","Prime","ETTSpecial","OneWeb","indian space policy 2023"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap"}}" data-news_link="//www.iser-br.com/news/portal-in-portal/satcom/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap/100433535">
<\/a><\/figure>Trai issues paper on spectrum allocation mode for spacecom services<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":100392779,"title":"Elon Musk's SpaceX and Italy's Unipol join forces to help Italians hit by flooding","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/portal-in-portal\/satcom\/elon-musks-spacex-and-italys-unipol-join-forces-to-help-italians-hit-by-flooding\/100392779","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom"}],"related_content":[],"msid":100433535,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"In-depth: Can India address policy bottlenecks for a smooth space broadband roadmap?","synopsis":"The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.","titleseo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_link":"\/author\/479260762\/anjana-das","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/479260762.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":479260762,"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_seo_name":"anjanadas","designation":"Editorial Consultant","agency":false}}],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":427,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":1976000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2023-05-23 08:12:36","lastupd":"2023-05-23 08:12:38","breadcrumbTags":["space","reliance jio","sunil mittal","satellite communication","satcom","policy","Prime","ETTSpecial","OneWeb","indian space policy 2023"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap"}}" data-news_link="//www.iser-br.com/news/portal-in-portal/satcom/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap/100433535">
<\/a><\/figure>Pvt companies seek clarity on FDI norms in new space policy, startups expect more funds from investors<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":100392779,"title":"Elon Musk's SpaceX and Italy's Unipol join forces to help Italians hit by flooding","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/portal-in-portal\/satcom\/elon-musks-spacex-and-italys-unipol-join-forces-to-help-italians-hit-by-flooding\/100392779","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom"}],"related_content":[],"msid":100433535,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"In-depth: Can India address policy bottlenecks for a smooth space broadband roadmap?","synopsis":"The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.","titleseo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_link":"\/author\/479260762\/anjana-das","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/479260762.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":479260762,"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_seo_name":"anjanadas","designation":"Editorial Consultant","agency":false}}],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":427,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":1976000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2023-05-23 08:12:36","lastupd":"2023-05-23 08:12:38","breadcrumbTags":["space","reliance jio","sunil mittal","satellite communication","satcom","policy","Prime","ETTSpecial","OneWeb","indian space policy 2023"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap"}}" data-news_link="//www.iser-br.com/news/portal-in-portal/satcom/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap/100433535">
<\/a><\/figure>Satcom spectrum not auctioned anywhere: IN-SPACe chairman Pawan Goenka<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/a><\/figure>IN-SPACe role clarity to help speed up key clearances, but spectrum allotment mode crucial: Satcom industry<\/a><\/h5><\/div><\/div><\/div>
“The dearth of spectrum that we have in India should be factored in. Let us (India) lead from the front in satellite and in spectrum transformation rather than stating just because it was allocated for 30 years or 15 years, we should continue that process. When the capabilities of the technology changes, the allocation of the spectrum also changes”.
Satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply. “...let that transformation be driven from India rather than necessarily stating that something has been happening in the other place. Auction is the mode for allocating spectrum for mobile telephony in India, a mechanism that Jio wants replicated even for satellite spectrum\", Oommen had earlier told ET.
Neil Shah, analyst with Counterpoint Research said satellites today have capability to compete and deliver the same services like mobile broadband, and hence, the same rules should apply.
With the advent of 5G and applications such as IoT, there is a growing convergence and overlap between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from use-cases, network architecture and spectrum perspective. As a result, offering satellite spectrum via a fair auction levels the playing field for all the service providers which can benefit from this convergence of end-services in the 5G era, Shah said.
\"The Indian government can set a strong precedent with an auction-based approach to invigorate the satellite sector with advanced convergence between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks from spectrum usage, connectivity, applications & business models perspectives\", he stated.
Potential of spacecom<\/strong>
The Indian space economy will be worth USD 12.8 billion by 2025, according to a report from Indian Space Association (ISpA) and Ernst and Young. Demand for high-speed internet delivered from space has made launching satellites into orbit a prosperous business. By 2025, the so-called space economy is projected to grow to $600 billion from $447 billion in 2020, according to Ernst & Young estimates.
The space economy in India is set to grow to US$13b by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Satellite services and application segments would form the largest share of the space economy, accounting for 36% of the total revenue by 2025, says Prashant Singhal, EY, emerging markets technology, media & entertainment and telecommunications (TMT) sector leader.
Morgan Stanley’s Space Team estimates that the roughly $350 billion global space industry could surge to over $1 trillion by 2040.
Sunil Mittal-backed OneWeb<\/a> and Jio's satellite arm may be the first ones to start the broadband service from space once policy and auction settle down. Indian enterprises and consumers are apparently keeping an eye on the space domain. Affordable tariffs, is another mega area that requires stakeholders attention while there may be some stellar offerings in the days to come.
<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":100392779,"title":"Elon Musk's SpaceX and Italy's Unipol join forces to help Italians hit by flooding","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/portal-in-portal\/satcom\/elon-musks-spacex-and-italys-unipol-join-forces-to-help-italians-hit-by-flooding\/100392779","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom"}],"related_content":[],"msid":100433535,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"In-depth: Can India address policy bottlenecks for a smooth space broadband roadmap?","synopsis":"The telecom department (DoT) has referred to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) to work out auction modalities for satcom spectrum while asking it to give recommendations on quantum, bands and reserve price. A decision may only come once the regulator gives its recommendations, upon which the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), a highest-decision making body, would act.","titleseo":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_link":"\/author\/479260762\/anjana-das","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/479260762.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":479260762,"author_name":"Anjana Das","author_seo_name":"anjanadas","designation":"Editorial Consultant","agency":false}}],"analytics":{"comments":0,"views":427,"shares":0,"engagementtimems":1976000},"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ETTelecom","artdate":"2023-05-23 08:12:36","lastupd":"2023-05-23 08:12:38","breadcrumbTags":["space","reliance jio","sunil mittal","satellite communication","satcom","policy","Prime","ETTSpecial","OneWeb","indian space policy 2023"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"portal-in-portal\/satcom\/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap"}}" data-news_link="//www.iser-br.com/news/portal-in-portal/satcom/in-depth-can-india-address-policy-bottlenecks-for-a-smooth-space-broadband-roadmap/100433535">
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