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SAO PAULO: Call it the Snowden Effect. Last July, as newspapers reported that the US National Security Agency (NSA) was snooping on Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff, she immediately cancelled a state visit to the White House.
\n
As more documents revealed by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden exposed that the US was spying on Brazil’s state firms and collecting data about its citizens, Rousseff blasted the Americans at the United Nations and announced a plan to hold a global meeting on internet<\/a> governance — who runs it and how. At the same time, Rousseff began to push a bill, Marco Civil<\/a>, in the country’s parliament to protect people’s online rights. This sparked fears in Washington that Brazil was trying to “Balkanize” the network which now forms the backbone of the global economic order.
\n
The internet<\/a>’s moment of truth arrived this week as representatives from 97 countries checked into the hotels of Brazil’s financial capital to participate in NETmundial, the Global Multi-stakeholder Meeting on the Future of Internet Governance. On April 23 and 24, diplomats and tech firm honchos locked horns with grizzly-haired academics and geeks in bermudas at a glitzy hotel. Some 10 km away, at the Sao Paulo Cultural Centre, civil society activists engaged in passionate debates on surveillance, with Julian Assange<\/a> joining in through a video link from London.
\n
\nSmall Steps Towards Freedom<\/strong>
\n
\nWith the future of the Net being discussed in a Brazilian city someone dubbed the meeting as the World Cup of the internet. But its scale was arguably larger than any sporting spectacle: 1,500 delegates, 188 presentations; 30 global hubs; and thousands of tweets pouring in every minute. But the discussions were as tricky as dribbling in a football game. While the Americans worked hard to keep their “control” over the internet, the Russians and the Chinese tackled them by seeking greater government say in their own countries.
\n
\nThe drama became tense on Thursday when, at a media conference in St Petersburg, Russian President Vladimir Putin branded the internet a “CIA project”. Till the last moment, nobody knew how the meet would end: with a caipirinha for everyone or with no outcome document in hand?
\n
\nEven before experts began debating the new roadmap Rousseff set the tone for the meeting in clear terms. “Internet governance should be multipartite, transparent and open to all. The participation of governments should occur with equality so that no country has more weight than others,” Rousseff said in her opening speech. If that was not strong enough a message to the US, Rousseff again condemned the mass spying programmes. “These events are not acceptable, were not acceptable in the past, and remain unacceptable today in that they are an affront to the free nature of the internet as an open, democratic platform.”
\n
\nAmid a strong anti-surveillance mood, NETmundial ended with the “Sao Paulo Declaration” which stated that the internet should be “free of government regulation and should be a fully self-regulated space”. Though the document is legally non-binding and processes are yet to be put in place to make the “multi-stakeholder” system work, many see the meeting as a turning point. “There is a long way to go before the internet is fully democratized, but a good beginning has been made. The process of preparing a roadmap for the internet has started,” said Neville Roy Singham, chairman and founder of ThoughtWorks, a Chicago-based tech firm. “By talking against surveillance, the Brazilian president has taken the lead in creating the new internet.”
\n<\/p>

\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\"\"<\/td>\n\t\t<\/tr>\n\t<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n
\n
\n\t <\/div>\nCivil Society vs Big Companies<\/strong>
\n
\nSustained pressure from Brazil persuaded the US to announce in March that it was giving up its control of internet activity though its institutional links to ICANN, the internet’s governing authority. Though Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee said the US decision was “well overdue”, the Americans made it clear that they would “not accept a proposal” for an “inter-governmental organization” to replace ICANN. They instead proposed to pass the duty for regulating the internet’s codes and numbering systems to a “global multi-stakeholder community” by September 2015.
\n
\nIt was the issue of “multi-stakeholderism” that turned the meeting into a bear pit, with delegates fighting over each word to be included in the outcome document. Though the conference concluded that “governments, companies, academics, technicians and users should all have a say” in where the internet should go next, there were strong voices demanding that follow-up deliberations should take place “within the UN framework”.
\n
“When you’re taking in views, in consultation, multistakeholderism works. But public policy decision-making, at a global level, has to be a multilateral process,” said Parminder Jeet Singh of IT for Change (India). But despite strong resistance from civil society groups, big internet companies — mostly Americans — emerged as big winners. “The industry is satisfied,” said Virgilio Almeida, Brazil’s secretary for IT policy who chaired the meeting. “Google<\/a> and Facebook<\/a> see this as a very positive debate because it not only involves governments. It’s a debate that includes everyone.”
\n
\nBut free internet activists had a different point of view. “Fadi Chehade, the ICANN boss, closed NETmundial with these words: ‘In Africa we say if you want to go first, go alone, but if you want to go far, go together.’ He should have added: And if you want to go nowhere, go multi-stakeholder.”
\n
\nHowever, in private, several internet activists admitted that they managed “victory”. “The US has been forced to give up its control of internet. There is a strong anti-surveillance sentiment in the document. Now, we will try to make it truly democratic and free,” said an activist who works on surveillance issues. “The internet would never be same again.”
\n
\nSitting in an undisclosed location somewhere in Moscow, Edward Snowden probably would be smiling, if not having the last laugh.\n\n<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":34249491,"title":"Google+ won't remain a social network for long: Report","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/google-wont-remain-a-social-network-for-long-report\/34249491","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":false}],"related_content":[],"msid":34281872,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"Regulating internet codes: Small steps towards freedom taken at NETmundial conference","synopsis":"'Internet governance should be multipartite, transparent and open to all. The participation of govts should occur with equality so that no country has more weight than others.'","titleseo":"regulating-internet-codes-small-steps-towards-freedom-taken-at-netmundial-conference","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Shobhan Saxena","author_link":"\/author\/19469\/shobhan-saxena","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/19469.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":19469,"author_name":"Shobhan Saxena","author_seo_name":"Shobhan-Saxena","designation":"Correspondent","agency":false}}],"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ET Bureau","artdate":"2014-04-27 09:56:51","lastupd":"2014-04-27 11:58:28","breadcrumbTags":["Google","Facebook","Julian Assange","Marco Civil","Internet"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"regulating-internet-codes-small-steps-towards-freedom-taken-at-netmundial-conference"}}" data-authors="[" shobhan saxena"]" data-category-name="" data-category_id="" data-date="2014-04-27" data-index="article_1">

    自由调节网络代码:一小步NETmundial会议上

    应多歧的互联网治理、透明和开放。政府应该有平等的参与,没有一个国家比其他人更多的重量。”
    Shobhan Saxena
    • 更新于2014年4月27日11:58点坚持

    圣保罗:称之为斯诺登的效果。去年7月,报纸报道,美国国家乐动扑克安全局(NSA)窥探巴西总统罗塞夫(Dilma Rousseff),她立即取消了访问白宫。

    随着越来越多的文件揭示了国家安全局告密者爱德华·斯诺登暴露,美国间谍在巴西的国有企业和收集数据对其公民,罗塞夫抨击美国在联合国和全球会议上宣布了一项计划举行互联网治理,它如何运行。与此同时,罗塞夫开始推动一项法案,马可民事在该国议会在线保护人们的权利。这引发了在华盛顿担心巴西试图“割据”的网络现在全球经济秩序的支柱。

    的互联网本周的时刻来到了来自97个国家的代表巴西住进旅馆的金融资本参与NETmundial,全球互联网的未来治理多方利益相关者会议。4月23日和24日,外交官和科技公司老板grizzly-haired噤声的学者们在百慕大群岛炫目的酒店。一些10公里,圣保罗文化中心,公民社会活动家从事监视,激烈的争辩朱利安·阿桑奇从伦敦加入通过视频链接。

    小步骤对自由

    净的未来是在巴西城市有人称为会议上讨论互联网的世界杯。但其规模可以说是比任何体育盛会:1500名代表,188演示;30全球中心;和成千上万的tweet涌入每一分钟。但讨论棘手的盘带在足球比赛。在美国努力保持他们的“控制”在互联网上,俄罗斯和中国解决他们通过寻求更大的政府说在他们自己的国家。

    周四戏剧变得紧张时,在圣彼得堡的一个媒体会议上,俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔•普京(Vladimir Putin)品牌互联网“中情局项目”。直到最后一刻,没有人知道如何满足将结束:每个人的鸡尾酒或没有成果文件的手吗?

    专家们开始讨论之前的新路线图Rousseff定下了基调会议上明确的条款。“互联网治理应该分成多部分的,透明和开放。政府应该有平等的参与,没有一个国家比别人更重,”罗塞夫在开幕致辞。如果不是足够强大美国的消息,罗塞夫再次谴责了大规模间谍计划。“这些事件是不能接受的,不能接受的过去,和今天仍然不能接受侮辱互联网作为一个开放自由的本质,民主平台。”

    在一个强大的anti-surveillance心情,NETmundial结束的“圣保罗宣言”表示,互联网应该“自由的政府监管,应该是一个完全自动调整的空间”。虽然文件具有法律不具约束力和流程尚未到位,使“多方利益相关者”系统工作,许多人认为这次会议是一个转折点。”还有很长的路要走互联网完全民主化,但已经取得了一个良好的开端。准备的过程路线图互联网已经开始了,”内维尔说罗伊Singham, ThoughtWorks的创始人兼董事长,芝加哥科技公司。“说对监测、巴西总统率先创建新的互联网。”

    公民社会与大公司

    持续压力从巴西说服美国3月宣布放弃其控制互联网活动尽管其机构ICANN的链接,互联网的管理权威。虽然网络发明人蒂姆·伯纳斯·李表示,美国的决定是“过期”,美国人明确表示,他们将“不会接受一个提议”的“政府间组织”来取代ICANN。他们提出通过责任规范互联网的代码和编号系统,2015年9月的“全球多方利益相关者的社区”。

    “多重利益方主义”的问题,把会议变成了一只熊坑,与代表们争夺每个单词包含在结果文档。尽管会议得出的结论是,“政府、企业、学者、技术人员和用户都应该有一个说“在互联网应该接下来,有强烈的呼声,要求后续讨论应在联合国框架内”。

    “当你在视图,在咨询、multistakeholderism作品。但在全球层面公共政策决策,必须是一个多边的过程,”辛格说Parminder截的改变(印度)。尽管强劲阻力来自公民社会团体、大型互联网公司——主要是美国人成为大赢家。Virgilio阿尔梅达说:“行业满意,巴西的秘书政策主持会议。”谷歌和脸谱网认为这是一个非常积极的辩论,因为它不仅涉及到政府。这是一个争论,包括每一个人。”

    但免费的互联网活跃分子有不同的观点。“Fadi支持者,ICANN的老板,封闭NETmundial这些话:“在非洲,我们说如果你想先走,一个人去,但是如果你想走得远,走在一起。他应该说:如果你想去的地方,去多方利益相关者。”

    然而,私下里,一些互联网活跃分子承认他们管理的“胜利”。“美国已被迫放弃控制互联网。文档中有一种强烈的anti-surveillance情绪。现在,我们将努力使它真正的民主和自由,“说一个维权工作的监督问题。“互联网永远不会相同了。”

    坐在一个秘密地点在莫斯科,爱德华·斯诺登可能会微笑,如果没有笑到最后。
    • 发布于2014年4月27日09:56点坚持

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    SAO PAULO: Call it the Snowden Effect. Last July, as newspapers reported that the US National Security Agency (NSA) was snooping on Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff, she immediately cancelled a state visit to the White House.
    \n
    As more documents revealed by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden exposed that the US was spying on Brazil’s state firms and collecting data about its citizens, Rousseff blasted the Americans at the United Nations and announced a plan to hold a global meeting on internet<\/a> governance — who runs it and how. At the same time, Rousseff began to push a bill, Marco Civil<\/a>, in the country’s parliament to protect people’s online rights. This sparked fears in Washington that Brazil was trying to “Balkanize” the network which now forms the backbone of the global economic order.
    \n
    The     internet<\/a>’s moment of truth arrived this week as representatives from 97 countries checked into the hotels of Brazil’s financial capital to participate in NETmundial, the Global Multi-stakeholder Meeting on the Future of Internet Governance. On April 23 and 24, diplomats and tech firm honchos locked horns with grizzly-haired academics and geeks in bermudas at a glitzy hotel. Some 10 km away, at the Sao Paulo Cultural Centre, civil society activists engaged in passionate debates on surveillance, with Julian Assange<\/a> joining in through a video link from London.
    \n
    \nSmall Steps Towards Freedom<\/strong>
    \n
    \nWith the future of the Net being discussed in a Brazilian city someone dubbed the meeting as the World Cup of the internet. But its scale was arguably larger than any sporting spectacle: 1,500 delegates, 188 presentations; 30 global hubs; and thousands of tweets pouring in every minute. But the discussions were as tricky as dribbling in a football game. While the Americans worked hard to keep their “control” over the internet, the Russians and the Chinese tackled them by seeking greater government say in their own countries.
    \n
    \nThe drama became tense on Thursday when, at a media conference in St Petersburg, Russian President Vladimir Putin branded the internet a “CIA project”. Till the last moment, nobody knew how the meet would end: with a caipirinha for everyone or with no outcome document in hand?
    \n
    \nEven before experts began debating the new roadmap Rousseff set the tone for the meeting in clear terms. “Internet governance should be multipartite, transparent and open to all. The participation of governments should occur with equality so that no country has more weight than others,” Rousseff said in her opening speech. If that was not strong enough a message to the US, Rousseff again condemned the mass spying programmes. “These events are not acceptable, were not acceptable in the past, and remain unacceptable today in that they are an affront to the free nature of the internet as an open, democratic platform.”
    \n
    \nAmid a strong anti-surveillance mood, NETmundial ended with the “Sao Paulo Declaration” which stated that the internet should be “free of government regulation and should be a fully self-regulated space”. Though the document is legally non-binding and processes are yet to be put in place to make the “multi-stakeholder” system work, many see the meeting as a turning point. “There is a long way to go before the internet is fully democratized, but a good beginning has been made. The process of preparing a roadmap for the internet has started,” said Neville Roy Singham, chairman and founder of ThoughtWorks, a Chicago-based tech firm. “By talking against surveillance, the Brazilian president has taken the lead in creating the new internet.”
    \n<\/p>

    \n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\"\"<\/td>\n\t\t<\/tr>\n\t<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n
    \n
    \n\t <\/div>\nCivil Society vs Big Companies<\/strong>
    \n
    \nSustained pressure from Brazil persuaded the US to announce in March that it was giving up its control of internet activity though its institutional links to ICANN, the internet’s governing authority. Though Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee said the US decision was “well overdue”, the Americans made it clear that they would “not accept a proposal” for an “inter-governmental organization” to replace ICANN. They instead proposed to pass the duty for regulating the internet’s codes and numbering systems to a “global multi-stakeholder community” by September 2015.
    \n
    \nIt was the issue of “multi-stakeholderism” that turned the meeting into a bear pit, with delegates fighting over each word to be included in the outcome document. Though the conference concluded that “governments, companies, academics, technicians and users should all have a say” in where the internet should go next, there were strong voices demanding that follow-up deliberations should take place “within the UN framework”.
    \n
    “When you’re taking in views, in consultation, multistakeholderism works. But public policy decision-making, at a global level, has to be a multilateral process,” said Parminder Jeet Singh of IT for Change (India). But despite strong resistance from civil society groups, big internet companies — mostly Americans — emerged as big winners. “The industry is satisfied,” said Virgilio Almeida, Brazil’s secretary for IT policy who chaired the meeting. “Google<\/a> and Facebook<\/a> see this as a very positive debate because it not only involves governments. It’s a debate that includes everyone.”
    \n
    \nBut free internet activists had a different point of view. “Fadi Chehade, the ICANN boss, closed NETmundial with these words: ‘In Africa we say if you want to go first, go alone, but if you want to go far, go together.’ He should have added: And if you want to go nowhere, go multi-stakeholder.”
    \n
    \nHowever, in private, several internet activists admitted that they managed “victory”. “The US has been forced to give up its control of internet. There is a strong anti-surveillance sentiment in the document. Now, we will try to make it truly democratic and free,” said an activist who works on surveillance issues. “The internet would never be same again.”
    \n
    \nSitting in an undisclosed location somewhere in Moscow, Edward Snowden probably would be smiling, if not having the last laugh.\n\n<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":34249491,"title":"Google+ won't remain a social network for long: Report","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/google-wont-remain-a-social-network-for-long-report\/34249491","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":false}],"related_content":[],"msid":34281872,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"Regulating internet codes: Small steps towards freedom taken at NETmundial conference","synopsis":"'Internet governance should be multipartite, transparent and open to all. The participation of govts should occur with equality so that no country has more weight than others.'","titleseo":"regulating-internet-codes-small-steps-towards-freedom-taken-at-netmundial-conference","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[{"author_name":"Shobhan Saxena","author_link":"\/author\/19469\/shobhan-saxena","author_image":"https:\/\/etimg.etb2bimg.com\/authorthumb\/19469.cms?width=100&height=100&hostid=268","author_additional":{"thumbsize":false,"msid":19469,"author_name":"Shobhan Saxena","author_seo_name":"Shobhan-Saxena","designation":"Correspondent","agency":false}}],"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":"ET Bureau","artdate":"2014-04-27 09:56:51","lastupd":"2014-04-27 11:58:28","breadcrumbTags":["Google","Facebook","Julian Assange","Marco Civil","Internet"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"regulating-internet-codes-small-steps-towards-freedom-taken-at-netmundial-conference"}}" data-news_link="//www.iser-br.com/news/regulating-internet-codes-small-steps-towards-freedom-taken-at-netmundial-conference/34281872">