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Chennai: The US and Europe's economic sanctions against Russia for its military action against Ukraine may throw up economic opportunities for the Indian space sector<\/a>, instead of burdening it with economic cost, say industry experts.
They also feel that to cash on the opportunities, India should accelerate its satellite launch capabilities, and announce productivity-linked incentive (PLI) schemes for the aerospace sector.
\"All those countries feeling the pinch due to the absence of Russian rockets for satellite launches may look at alternatives. While the bulk of the satellite launch contracts will be taken by the US and Europe, there will be others who may look at other options. India's neutrality has created a new market segment,\" Chaitanya Giri, Founder, DAWON Advisory & Intelligence, told IANS.
He added that the Indian Space Research Organisation<\/a> (ISRO<\/a>) should ramp up its satellite launch capacity as two launches per year is not on anymore.
With private rocket companies also in the process of developing their small rockets, ISRO<\/a> should actively handhold them so that they also realise their launch vehicles faster.
In the $360 billion global space sector market, India's share is very negligible.
Industry experts are unanimous that the sanctions against Russia will not have any major impact on India.
Space is a critical sector and there are chances of the US asking India to take a side -- for or against Russia.
So, what if the US and the West add India to their sanctions list owing to its relationship with Russia?
In the case of satellites, nearly 60 per cent of the components by value are now imported from Europe.
\"India imports memory chips, sensors, onboard processors, relays and other items. We get components from Japan, Singapore. Sourcing of components from Russia is low due to language barrier,\" Tapan Misra, Co-founder and Chief Technology Officer (CTO), Sisir Radar Private Ltd, told IANS.
Misra was earlier a Director at the ISRO's Space Applications Centre, and Sisir Radar plans to make X-band synthetic aperture radar with 0.5 metre resolution.
Another retired senior official of ISRO told IANS preferring anonymity: \"As a policy, ISRO will have an inventory of components for 15 satellites. The reorder level for components will come when the component inventory level is down to 10 satellites.\"
During the past two years, ISRO did not make many satellites and hence the inventory levels will be comfortable for some more years, given its launch record and plans, the official added.
However, there are short life items like adhesives and soldering paste, which are imported. One has to plan for that by proper supply chain links.
\"India has to make a tight-rope walk as it imports some rare earth materials and space grade metals. The Russia-Ukraine war will cool down, but the secondary effects of the sanctions may take time to go,\" Giri said.
In the case of rockets, India has localised the majority of the items that go in the making of its rockets -- Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) and the upcoming Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).
\"Most of the Russian and European parts and materials for making of ISRO rockets are indigenised. The impact of sanctions on India will be minimal. For Skyroot, the impact is zero as the supply chain is mostly within India, thanks to ISROs indigenisation efforts over the decades,\" Pawan Kumar Chandana, Co-founder and CEO, Skyroot Aerospace, told IANS.
Skyroot Aerospace is into making small rockets -- Vikram 1, 2 and 3 -- with varying payload capacity.
But the point is, the engine designs of Indian rockets are three-decade vintage and there are no plans for making bigger and multiple engines, as voiced by an expert.
According to a retired senior official of the Indian space agency, ISRO had collaborated with Ukraine for semi-cryogenic engine technology but has not made much headway.
\"One has to see what impact the war-hit Ukraine will have on India's semi-cryogenic engine project,\" the official said.
Responding to that, a former Chairman of ISRO told IANS: \"Whatever needs to be obtained from Ukraine for semi-cryogenic engine development has been obtained. The testing of the engine has to be done.\"
While India's human space mission is tied up with Russia tightly in terms of astronaut training, supply of space suits and others, experts said that missions may not be affected owing to India's changed stature in the international arena.
\"This is new India, which is standing on a higher position in the pedestal than it used to be earlier. It cannot be arm twisted. We have to take care of the supply chain and become an octopus in sourcing materials for the strategic sectors,\" Giri said.
The US may not antagonise India, and the Indo-US collaborative NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) Mission may go on as planned, Giri added.
\"Western ban on exports of space components will provide a big incentive for India to innovate. There are lobby bodies that promote imports and stall local development. If there is a ban, then local development will have to be made which the lobbies may not want,\" an official said.
As regards the opportunity for the Indian space sector, he said Russia may like to source some components from India and hence the latter can be a trading partner.
Industry officials said ISRO should accelerate its SSLV programme. The small satellite launch market is increasing with 90 per cent of the satellite launches in recent times being small ones.
Similarly, the private rocket makers should also gear up and realise their vehicles faster.
\"The Indian government has to come out with a PLI scheme for the space sector like it has done for semiconductors, electronics and other sectors. The PLI scheme should be focused on defence, aerospace and electronics,\" Giri said.
The government could ask the Indian companies signing up satellite sourcing deals with foreign companies to localise the manufacturing.
\"The Indo-UK joint venture OneWeb has not leveraged Indian opportunity. ISRO can offer to launch OneWeb's satellites with its GSLV rocket,\" Giri remarked.
Recently, the board of OneWeb -- jointly owned by India's Bharti Global and the UK government -- voted to suspend satellite launches from the Baikonur rocket port in Russia.
Further, the Indian government could ask the domestic companies signing up satellite service ventures with foreign companies to localise their manufacturing, Giri suggested.
The Indian government is focusing on the startup ecosystem for the space sector. Once the system is in place, perhaps then the government can ask the major players to localise their needs, he added.
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钦奈:美国和欧洲的经济制裁俄罗斯与乌克兰的军事行动可能会呕吐,印度的经济机会空间领域,而不是加重经济成本,业内专家说。
他们还觉得现金机会,印度应该加快其卫星发射能力,并宣布productivity-linked激励(PLI)航空领域的计划。
“所有这些国家感到了压力由于缺乏俄罗斯火箭卫星发射可能看的替代品。虽然大部分的卫星发射合同将由美国和欧洲,会有其他人也可以看其他的选择。印度的中立已经创建了一个新的细分市场,“Chaitanya义理,创始人DAWON咨询&情报告诉题材影片。
他补充说,印度空间研究组织(ISRO)应该加大其卫星发射能力每年两个启动不了。
火箭与私人公司也在开发的过程中他们的小火箭,ISRO应积极握住他们,使他们也意识到他们的运载火箭更快。
在3600亿美元的全球空间领域市场,印度的份额是很微不足道的。
业内专家一致,制裁俄罗斯对印度不会有任何重大影响。
空间是一个关键部门和有机会的美国要求印度方面,支持或反对俄罗斯。
那么,如果美国和西方国家增加制裁名单由于印度与俄罗斯的关系?
在卫星的情况下,近60%的组件值现在从欧洲进口。
“印度进口内存芯片、传感器、机载处理器,继电器和其他物品。我们得到组件来自日本、新加坡。从俄罗斯采购组件的低是由于语言障碍,“Tapan Misra,联合创始人兼首席技术官(CTO) Sisir雷达私人有限公司,告诉题材影片。
Misra之前ISRO的空间应用中心,主管和Sisir雷达计划让x波段合成孔径雷达与0.5米分辨率。
ISRO的另一位退休的高级官员告诉原喜欢匿名:“作为一项政策,ISRO将有库存的组件15颗卫星。重新排序级别的组件将组件库存水平下降到10的时候出现卫星。”
在过去的两年里,ISRO没有许多卫星,因此库存水平会舒适一些年来,鉴于其发射记录和计划,这位官员补充道。
然而,短暂的生命有粘合剂和焊剂,这都是进口的。一个计划,通过适当的供应链链接。
“印度进口钢丝行走,一些稀土材料和空间级金属。Russia-Ukraine战争会降温,但制裁的副作用可能需要时间去,”吉里说。
的火箭,印度已本地化的大多数物品制造的火箭——极地卫星运载火箭(PSLV)和地球同步卫星运载火箭(GSLV)和即将到来的小卫星运载火箭(SSLV)。
“大多数俄罗斯和欧洲的零部件和材料制造的ISRO火箭进行本土化。制裁对印度的影响将微乎其微。Skyroot,零是供应链的影响主要是在印度,由于isro本土化努力在过去的几十年里,“一生Kumar Chandana联合创始人兼首席执行官,Skyroot航空、告诉题材影片。
Skyroot航天制造小火箭,Vikram 1、2和3,不同载荷能力。
但问题是,印度火箭的引擎设计三十年年份和没有计划让越来越多的发动机,是由一个专家。
根据印度空间机构的一位退休的高级官员,ISRO与乌克兰合作了semi-cryogenic引擎技术,但并没有取得多少进展。
“有什么影响乌克兰损对印度的semi-cryogenic引擎项目,”这位官员说。
回应,ISRO主席前对原说:“无论需要从乌克兰获得semi-cryogenic引擎获得发展。引擎的测试必须完成。”
而印度的人类太空任务是与俄罗斯紧密宇航员训练而言,供应宇航服和其他人来说,专家表示,任务可能不是影响由于印度在国际舞台上地位的改变。
“这是新印度,站在一个更高的位置在基座比以前。它不能被手臂扭曲。我们必须照顾的供应链,成为章鱼在战略采购材料领域,”吉里说。
美国不可能对抗印度,印美合作NASA-ISRO合成孔径雷达(这个)任务可能继续按计划,Giri补充道。
“西方空间组件的出口禁令将为印度提供很大的激励创新。有游说团体促进进口和失速当地发展。如果有一个禁令,那么地方发展必须游说团体可能不希望了,”一位官员说。
至于印度空间领域的机会,他说,俄罗斯可能喜欢源来自印度的一些组件,因此后者可以是一个贸易伙伴。
行业官员表示,ISRO应加快其SSLV计划。小卫星发射市场近年来增加了90%的卫星发射是小的。
同样,私人火箭制造商也应该准备和意识到他们的车辆速度更快。
“印度政府已推出PLI方案空间部门喜欢它为半导体、电子等行业。PLI方案应该关注国防,航空航天和电子产品,”吉里说。
政府可以要求印度公司签约卫星采购处理外资企业本土化生产。
“合资公司已经签订了条约OneWeb没有杠杆印度的机会。ISRO可以提供与其GSLV OneWeb发射卫星的火箭,”吉里说。
最近,董事会OneWeb——由印度Bharti全球共同拥有和英国政府——投票暂停从拜科努尔卫星发射火箭端口在俄罗斯。
此外,印度政府可以要求国内企业签约卫星服务企业与外国公司本土化制造,Giri建议。
印度政府部门关注的创业生态系统空间。一旦系统到位,然后政府可以要求主要参与者集中他们的需求,他补充说。
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