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SAN FRANCISCO: The U.S. ban on exports to China of Nvidia<\/a> and AMD<\/a>'s flagship artificial intelligence chips<\/a> will create new business opportunities for domestic startups jockeying for a piece of China's fast-growing data center chip market, industry executives and analysts told Reuters.
The ban is part of a longer effort by the U.S. government to crack down on U.S. contributions to Chinese artificial intelligence and high-performance computing, or supercomputing. Last year, U.S. officials put seven Chinese supercomputing entities on an economic blacklist, and last week they banned Nvidia and AMD's chips from export to China \"to keep advanced technologies out of the wrong hands.\"
On Thursday, an independent group that measures artificial intelligence speeds published new data that can help back up the claims of little-known Chinese startup Shanghai Biren Intelligent Technology Co that its latest chip has bested the performance of one of the high-end chips banned by the U.S. government.
The milestone is viewed as an opening for Chinese domestic chip companies to service Chinese customers cut off from access to U.S. chips, experts said.
\"The benchmarks are broadly representative of image processing and natural language processing, which are two fairly significant AI workloads,\" said David Kanter, a founder of MLCommons, the group that publishes the results. \"It's pretty impressive.\"
The promising performance rankings come after years of financing and development from Chinese startups and venture firms, including several investors from the U.S., to create domestic alternatives to Nvidia Corp and Advanced Micro Devices Inc<\/a> chips.
The rise of AI chip startups in China could upset plans by the U.S. to slow down China's development of computing tools needed for military applications such as designing nuclear weapons. Those tasks often involve running computer simulations with high-precision - something the Nvidia and AMD chips excel at.
Biren, founded by alumni of Chinese tech giant Alibaba and Nvidia, has publicly said it would focus on selling its BR100 chip to private data center and cloud customers. The company says it has no plans to sell to the military.
Jack Dongarra, a distinguished professor of computer science who helps lead the Top500 ranking of the fastest supercomputers says he's seen this scenario play out before. \"The U.S. embargoed Intel chips<\/a> from going to specific places in China that are and were developing high performance computers,\" he said. \"The result was that China designed its chips for its supercomputers.\"
CCS Insight chip analyst Wayne Lam said Biren could be in for a \"success story, having demonstrated this capability and now having this business opportunity fall on them\". He said Chinese computing groups will likely \"have to re-tinker their systems and figure out how to build for something that they can get.\"
Still, some analysts and U.S. chip executives say to gain AI market share companies need more than just a fast chip. They need to build a software ecosystem for the chips that can compete with Nvidia's software platform called CUDA which dominates the AI market.
\"New Chinese firms in the space will have to prove that they are reliable, can iterate hardware at the cutting edge... And then offer a compelling software ecosystem,\" said Paul Triolo, senior vice president for China at strategy firm Albright Stonebridge Group.
Also active in developing Nvidia alternatives are Chinese firms like Cambricon, Alibaba Group's PingTouGe, Iluvatar CoreX, Denglin Technology, Moore Threads, Vastai Technologies and MetaX.
Data firm PitchBook shows that those top startups alone have raised $2.5 billion in recent years, including from Shanghai government-backed fund Shanghai Guosheng Group and Hillhouse Capital, which counts several U.S. pension funds and Yale University as limited partners. Other investors include the Chinese entities of big-name Silicon Valley venture capital firms like Sequoia China and Lightspeed China Partners.
Those investments have caused concern for some who are pushing to limit where U.S. capital can be invested overseas, said Matt Ocko, managing partner of Silicon Valley venture capital firm DCVC. His firm is a major investor in companies that work closely with the U.S. defense and intelligence communities. \"It's not acceptable for major pools of U.S. capital to fund AI chips<\/a> and other PRC (Chinese) military tech that threatens U.S. national security.\"
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美国禁止英伟达,AMD芯片提高中国竞争对手
这项禁令是再努力的一部分,美国政府打击美国贡献中国人工智能和高性能计算,或超级计算机。去年,美国官员把七中国超级计算实体经济黑名单,上周他们禁止英伟达和AMD的芯片向中国出口“保持先进的技术错误的人手中。”
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旧金山:美国对中国的出口禁令英伟达和AMD的旗舰人工智能芯片将为国内创业公司创造新的业务机会争夺对中国快速增长的数据中心的一块芯片市场,业内高管和分析师对路透表示。
这项禁令是再努力的一部分,美国政府打击美国贡献中国人工智能和高性能计算,或超级计算机。去年,美国官员把七中国超级计算实体经济黑名单,上周他们禁止英伟达和AMD的芯片向中国出口“保持先进的技术错误的人手中。”
周四,一个独立的组织措施人工智能速度公布的新数据,可以帮助备份的鲜为人知的中国公司上海Biren智能科技有限公司,其最新的芯片一直甚嚣尘上的高端芯片的性能被美国政府。
里程碑是视为一个开放对中国国内芯片企业服务中国客户隔绝访问美国芯片,专家说。
“基准是广泛代表性的图像处理和自然语言处理,这是两个相当重要的人工智能工作负载,”大卫·坎特说MLCommons的创始人,该组织发布结果。“这是相当令人印象深刻的。”
有前途的性能排名经过多年的融资和发展来自中国创业和风险投资公司,包括一些投资者从美国,创建国内Nvidia和替代品高级微设备公司芯片。
人工智能芯片的崛起在中国创业公司可能破坏计划由美国减缓中国的发展所需的计算工具设计核武器等军事应用。这些任务通常涉及计算机模拟运行与高精度,Nvidia和AMD芯片擅长这么做。
Biren,由中国科技巨头阿里巴巴和英伟达的校友,公开表示将专注于出售其BR100芯片私有数据中心和云的客户。该公司说,它不打算卖给军队。
杰出的计算机科学教授Jack Dongarra,帮助领导全球最快的超级计算机排名说他见过这个场景上演。“美国禁运英特尔芯片从特定的地方在中国,发展高性能的电脑,”他说。“其结果是,中国设计其芯片的超级计算机。”
CCS Insight分析师Wayne Lam说Biren芯片可能会“成功的故事,展示了这个功能,现在有这个商业机会落在他们”。他说中国计算集团可能会“re-tinker他们的系统,找出如何构建他们可以得到的东西。”
高管表示,尽管如此,一些分析人士和美国芯片市场份额获得AI公司不仅仅需要一个快速的筹码。他们需要建立一个软件生态系统的芯片可以与Nvidia的软件平台称为CUDA在AI市场上占据主导地位。
“新空间的中国公司将必须证明他们是可靠的,可以重复硬件前沿…然后提供一个令人信服的软件生态系统,”高级副总裁Paul Triolo说中国在战略公司奥尔布莱石桥集团。
还活跃在发展中英伟达替代中国企业像Cambricon,阿里巴巴集团旗下的PingTouGe,伊熔融还原,Denglin技术,摩尔线程,Vastai技术和MetaX。
公司PitchBook数据显示,那些顶级公司近年来筹集了25亿美元,包括从上海政府支持的基金上海国盛集团,高瓴资本,有几个美国养老基金和耶鲁大学作为有限合伙人。其他投资者包括大名鼎鼎的中国实体硅谷风险投资公司红杉中国和Lightspeed的中国合作伙伴。
这些投资造成关心一些人正在推动美国资本可以海外投资限制,马特Ocko说,硅谷的风险投资公司的管理合伙人DCVC。他的公司是一个主要投资者的公司与美国国防和情报社区紧密合作。“这是不可接受的主要的美国资本基金池人工智能芯片和其他中华人民共和国(中国)军事科技威胁美国国家安全。”
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