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WASHINGTON: The U.S. House<\/a> of Representatives passed sweeping legislation on Thursday to subsidize the domestic semiconductor industry<\/a> as it competes with Chinese and other foreign manufacturers, a victory for President Joe Biden<\/a> and his fellow Democrats hoping to keep their slim majority in Congress in November midterm elections.
The final vote was 243 to 187, with one Democrat - Representative Sara Jacobs - voting present. Twenty-four Republicans joined 218 Democrats in backing the measure. Passage sends the bill to the White House, where Biden is expected to sign it into law as soon as early next week.
The Senate<\/a> passed the \"Chips and Science<\/a>\" act with bipartisan support on Wednesday, after more than a year of effort. A rare major foray into U.S. industrial policy, the bill provides about $52 billion in government subsidies for U.S. production of semiconductors<\/a> used in everything from automobiles and high-tech weaponry to electronic devices<\/a> and video games. It also includes an investment tax credit for chip plants estimated to be worth $24 billion.
The legislation would also authorize $200 billion over 10 years to boost U.S. scientific research to better compete with China. Congress would still need to pass separate appropriations legislation to fund those investments.
The bill passed hours after Biden had a telephone call with Chinese President Xi Jinping, in which Xi warned Biden against \"playing with fire\" over Taiwan. Aides had said the leaders of the world's two largest economies also would discuss supply chain and other economic issues.
China had lobbied against the semiconductor bill. The Chinese Embassy in Washington said China \"firmly opposed\" it, calling it reminiscent of a \"Cold War mentality\" and \"counter to the common aspiration of people\" in both countries.
HEFTY SUBSIDIES FOR PRIVATE BUSINESS<\/strong>
Many U.S. lawmakers had said they normally would not support hefty subsidies for private businesses but noted that China and the European Union have been awarding billions in incentives to their chip companies. They also cited national security risks and huge global supply chain problems that have hampered global manufacturing.
Representative Michael McCaul, the top Republican on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, was one \"yes\" vote from his party. \"We need to manufacture (chips) in this country, and not let it go offshore,\" he told reporters before the vote.
\"... This is vitally important to our national security,\" McCaul said.
At the White House, Biden interrupted a meeting on the economy with corporate executives when told the House had passed the chips bill<\/a>. \"The House has passed it,\" Biden said, looking delighted, to applause in the room.
House members cheered after the bill passed. The measure had been in the works for more than a year. The Senate passed a bill in June 2021 with strong bipartisan support, only to have it stall for months in the House as Republicans and Democrats disputed whether it should include provisions addressing issues such as climate change and China's human rights record.
The chips bill passed the House by a narrower-than-expected margin after some Republicans pulled support at the last minute.
Republican party leaders told members to vote against the bill after the announcement on Wednesday of an agreement between Senate Democratic leader Chuck Schumer and Democratic Senator Joe Manchin that could pave the way for Senate passage of separate legislation to increase corporate taxes, reduce the national debt, invest in energy technologies and lower the cost of prescription drugs.
Democrats hope such legislative achievements will help them in the Nov. 8 midterm elections. Republicans hope to regain control of the Senate, and some polls have them favored to win a majority in the House of Representatives.
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美国国会通过期待已久的法案来提高芯片制造商,与中国竞争
参议院通过了“芯片和科学”法案周三与两党支持,经过一年多的努力。罕见的大进军美国产业政策,该法案为美国提供了约520亿美元的政府补贴生产半导体用于从汽车和高科技武器电子设备和视频游戏。它还包括一个投资税收抵免的芯片工厂估计价值240亿美元。
华盛顿:美国房子众议院通过了全面周四补贴国内立法半导体行业与中国和其他外国制造商竞争,总统乔的胜利拜登和他的民主党人希望保持他们的微弱多数在11月国会中期选举。
最后的投票是243年到187年,有一个民主党人——莎拉·雅各布斯代表投票。24 218年共和党人加入民主党人支持这项措施。通过发送账单到白宫,拜登将尽快签署这一法案下周初。
的参议院通过了”芯片和科学“周三与两党支持的法案,经过一年多的努力。一种罕见的大进军美国产业政策,该法案为美国提供了约520亿美元的政府补贴的生产半导体用于从汽车电子和高科技武器设备和视频游戏。它还包括一个投资税收抵免的芯片工厂估计价值240亿美元。
该法案还授权2000亿美元在未来10年增加美国的科学研究,以更好地与中国竞争。国会将仍然需要通过独立的拨款法案资助这些投资。
该法案通过小时后拜登与中国习近平副主席的电话,Xi的警告拜登对台湾“玩火”。助手说了世界上最大的两个经济体的领导人还将讨论供应链和其他经济问题。
中国曾游说反对半导体法案。中国驻华盛顿大使馆说,中国“坚决反对”,称它让人想起“冷战思维”和“反人民的共同愿望”在这两个国家。
高额补贴的私营企业
许多美国议员说他们通常不会支持高额补贴私营企业但指出,中国和欧盟已经授予芯片公司数十亿美元的奖励。他们还引用了国家安全风险和巨大的全球供应链问题阻碍了全球制造业。
Michael无代表共和党众议院外交事务委员会,是一个“是”从他的政党投票。“我们需要制造(芯片)在这个国家,而不是让它去海外,”他在投票前对记者说。
“…这是我们的国家安全至关重要,”无说。
在白宫,拜登打断会议对经济和企业高管告诉众议院已经通过了芯片法案。“众议院已经通过了它,”拜登说,看起来很高兴,掌声在房间里。
众议院法案后欢呼。这项措施已经在一年多的工作。参议院通过一项法案,2021年6月与强大的两党支持,只是拖延几个月在众议院共和党和民主党争议是否应包括规定解决气候变化等问题和中国的人权记录。
芯片narrower-than-expected众议院法案的保证金后,一些共和党人支持在最后一分钟。
共和党领导人告诉成员投票反对该法案周三宣布后,参议院民主党领袖之间的协议查克•舒默(charles Schumer)和民主党参议员乔•曼钦铺平了道路,参议院通过单独立法,增加企业税收,减少国家债务,投资于能源技术和更低的处方药的费用。
民主党人希望这样的立法成就将帮助他们在11月8日中期选举。共和党人希望重新控制参议院,一些民意调查让他们喜欢在众议院赢得多数席位。
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