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NEW YORK: Ukraine has urged cloud-computing<\/a> and software giants<\/a> including Microsoft Corp<\/a> and SAP SE to cut off Russia to stop Moscow's invasion. Here's what's at stake.
WHAT IS UKRAINE DEMANDING?<\/strong>
The Ukrainian ministry of digital transformation<\/a> wants North American and European technology companies to completely pause any dealings with Russian clients, potentially disrupting Russia's economy and forcing the Kremlin to reconsider what it has called a \"special operation\" in Ukraine.
Some companies like Microsoft have stopped accepting new customers in Russia since the invasion began last month. But many have not ended deals with existing customers, except for those targeted by new sanctions and export controls.
WHAT ROLE DO WESTERN COMPANIES PLAY IN RUSSIA'S IT SYSTEMS<\/a>?<\/strong>
Russian companies and government agencies long have relied on technology developed by the West as the basis for their owned-and-operated IT systems. Servers from International Business Machines Corp, Dell Technologies<\/a> Inc and Hewlett Packard Enterprise<\/a> Co (HPE) top the market in Russia.
Also popular are applications from SAP, Microsoft, IBM<\/a>, Oracle Corp and Salesforce.com Inc. The tools help organizations send emails, analyze data, store records and generally manage their operations.
Vendors cannot remotely turn off some of the technology. But there are options to choke clients' systems.
Banking, telecom, transport and other organizations in Russia could be hampered if vendors stop providing replacement parts, security patches, software updates and technical support, according to two former senior salespeople for IBM in Eastern Europe.
Clients could be forced to find alternatives, even pen-and-paper bookkeeping, if services go offline or degrade due to a lack of updates.
HOW WOULD A WESTERN CLOUD SHUTDOWN AFFECT RUSSIA?<\/strong>
Russian companies have been largely reluctant to rely completely on cloud services, especially from U.S.-based providers such as Microsoft Azure and Alphabet Inc's Google Cloud, according to IDC analyst Philip Carter. As a proportion of overall domestic IT spending, cloud accounts for 5% in Russia compared with 19% in the United States, Carter said.
As a result, Russian companies dropped from the cloud would not be overly crippled, he said.
Still, the Russian cloud market has grown fast over the last two years, with the pandemic driving commerce online, according to researchers.
Microsoft has the largest market share in Russia at 17%, followed by Amazon.com Inc's cloud unit at 14% and IBM at 10%, according to 2020 estimates from IDC. Yandex NV, a Russian company, comes in fourth with 3% market share.
But IDC has said Russia and Ukraine combined only account for 5.5% of all information and communication technology spending in Europe and 1% worldwide.
WHAT HAVE THE WESTERN COMPANIES SAID?<\/strong>
Salesforce on Monday said it had began exiting its customer relationships in Russia, which it said added up to a small, non-material number.
Other companies declined to comment on whether they are considering dropping existing clients.
Amazon Web Services has said its biggest customers in Russia are companies headquartered elsewhere, and that it has had a long-standing policy of not doing business with the Russian government.
IBM and Oracle have said they suspended all business in Russia, and IBM added that it does not do business with Russian military organizations. HPE, Dell, SAP and Microsoft have said they are stopping sales. Google Cloud did not respond to a request for comment.
WHO COULD BENEFIT IF WESTERN COMPANIES BOW OUT?<\/strong>
Russian companies could turn to homegrown workplace software such as MyOffice or local cloud providers including Yandex and ActiveCloud. Prices and quality may be less favorable, though, IDC's Carter said.
Blake Murray of research company Canalys said Chinese technology companies could fill the gap. Cloud providers include Alibaba Group Holding Ltd and Tencent Holdings Ltd . China-based Huawei Technologies Co Ltd last year opened a data center in Moscow to the Russian scientific and academic community.
Still, any use of Western components in their operations could complicate Russian sales under trade curbs the United States recently imposed.
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纽约:乌克兰已经敦促云计算和软件巨头包括微软(msft . o:行情)和SAP SE切断俄罗斯莫斯科的入侵。这是什么。
乌克兰的要求是什么?
的乌克兰外交部数字转换希望北美和欧洲科技公司完全暂停任何交易与俄罗斯客户,潜在的破坏俄罗斯的经济,迫使克里姆林宫重新考虑它所谓的“特别行动”在乌克兰。
有些公司像微软已经停止接受新客户在俄罗斯上月入侵以来。但许多处理现有客户并没有结束,除了新制裁所针对的问题和出口管制。
西方企业扮演着什么样的角色在俄罗斯的IT系统吗?
俄罗斯企业和政府机构长期以来依靠技术开发的西部作为他们拥有并经营的基础系统。从国际商业机器公司(ibm)服务器,戴尔的技术公司和惠普企业有限公司(HPE)在俄罗斯市场。
也受欢迎的应用程序从SAP、微软、IBM甲骨文(orcl . o:行情)和Salesforce.com Inc .帮助组织发送电子邮件的工具,分析数据、存储记录和一般管理他们的业务。
供应商不能远程关闭的一些技术。但也有选择客户的系统。
银行、电信、交通运输和其他组织在俄罗斯可能阻碍如果供应商停止提供备件、安全补丁、软件更新和技术支持,根据两个IBM在东欧的前高级销售人员。
客户可能会被迫寻找替代品,即使某月记账,如果服务离线或降低由于缺乏更新。
西方云如何关闭影响俄罗斯?
俄罗斯公司在很大程度上不愿完全依赖于云服务,尤其是来自美国的供应商微软Azure和字母等公司的谷歌云,据IDC分析师菲利普•卡特。国内IT支出占整体的比例,云在俄罗斯占5%比例为19%在美国,卡特说。
因此,俄罗斯企业从云不会过于受损,他说。
不过,俄罗斯云市场快速增长,在过去的两年里,与大流行开车在线商务,据研究人员。
微软已经在俄罗斯最大的市场份额为17%,紧随其后的是Amazon.com Inc .的云单位的14%和IBM的10%,根据2020年从IDC估计。俄罗斯公司Yandex NV,第四以3%的市场份额。
但IDC表示,俄罗斯和乌克兰的总和只占5.5%的所有信息和通信技术支出在欧洲和全世界的1%。
西方公司说什么?
Salesforce周一表示,它已经开始退出其在俄罗斯的客户关系,它说加起来一个非物质的数字。
其他公司拒绝评论是否考虑放弃现有客户。
Amazon Web服务表示其在俄罗斯的最大的客户是公司总部在其他地方,它经历了一个长期的政策,不与俄罗斯政府做生意。
IBM和Oracle已经表示他们在俄罗斯暂停所有业务,和IBM补充说,它不与俄罗斯的军事组织。HPE、戴尔、微软和SAP说他们停止销售。谷歌云没有回应记者的置评请求。
如果西方企业退出谁能受益?
俄罗斯企业可以转向本土工作软件如MyOffice或本地云提供商包括Yandex和ActiveCloud。价格和质量可能不太有利,IDC的卡特说。
布莱克穆雷的研究公司Canalys称中国技术公司可以填补这一缺口。云提供商包括阿里巴巴集团(Alibaba Group Holding Ltd .)和腾讯控股有限公司。中国华为技术有限公司去年在莫斯科开设了一个数据中心,俄罗斯科学和学术社区。
不过,任何使用西方组件的操作都可能使俄罗斯销售实行贸易限制美国最近。
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