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\n\n\tBy: TK Arun<\/strong> \n\tTechnology keeps evolving, everyone knows. But sometimes, the scale of evolution can be dramatic, and deeply disruptive. Such a paradigm shift is almost on us. Industry had better keep its eyes peeled for it. And the government must prepare policy to ease the transition for Indian industry and enable it to ride the new wave. The biggest partner in this has to be academia.<\/p>\n Technology is changing in every area. What is of particular relevance right now is technology change in solar power<\/a> generation, power storage, robotics, material sciences and nano technology, the latter two being closely interrelated.<\/p>\n \n\tDisruptive Change<\/p>\n The cost of generating solar power has been coming down year after year, sharply. Stanford lecturer in entrepreneurship<\/a>, disruption and clean energy Tony Seba forecasts dramatic lowering in the cost of solar power over the next eight years, to bring it below the cost of conventional power, aided by dramatic improvements in storage technology.<\/p>\n \n\tTraditionally, battery technology attracted the interest of the electronics industry. Of late, the automotive and solar power industries have joined electronics in investing huge amounts of money in improving, in fact, revolutionising, storage. Not only would the efficacy and cost of storing power come down radically, shifts in business models would allow anyone to buy storage on tap from battery banks, just as they buy data storage capacity on the cloud.<\/p>\n \n\tThe ability to store power and retrieve it at will makes a big difference to the viability of non-conventional power and managing peak demand. Imagine a situation in which all, or most, power is generated from solar panels. Where would that leave the coal and oil and gas industries?<\/p>\n \n\tOil would still be saved by automobiles, right? Perhaps not. Electric cars would not just become viable alternatives to those running on internal combustion engines but surpass the latter in range and performance. An electric car has few moving parts apart from the wheels and Tesla offers limitless warranty on its cars.<\/p>\n \n\tAn internal combustion engine's ability to convert the energy produced by burning fuel into the car's motion is pathetically low, less than one-fourth the ability of an electric car engine to convert electric power into kinetic energy moving the car. Electric cars would, thus, not just shift the pollution produced while generating their energy, that is electricity, outside the city but also reduce, overall, the pollution that is created for moving the car.<\/p>\n \n\tElectric cars would, in short, displace conventional cars, sooner rather than later. Is India's sizeable automotive parts industry prepared to countenance such a change?<\/p>\n \n\tIt is not. Also because of the ongoing change in the materials with which cars are going to be made. BMW's most advanced cars already are made of carbon - formed into a kind of wool, spun into fibre and woven into sheets that are pressed into car body parts in a specialised division of labour at plants in Germany, Japan and the US.<\/p>\n The Boeing Dreamliner<\/a> is already made of carbon fibre. More and more things that are required to be both light and strong will switch from metal to carbon and other compounds of nano particles.<\/p>\n \n\tCarbon fibre is but one of the many new materials that will fundamentally alter the composition of everyday goods. Metals with ceramic particles diffused in them, compounds designed to mingle with metals and non-metals to perform in what the jargon calls additive manufacture, popularly known as 3D printing.<\/p>\n \n\tIndia Has to Adapt<\/p>\n \n\tThen there is the steady advance in robotics. If robots can cut cloth to preprogrammed patterns as well as a master tailor can, and other robots can stitch the cloth as desired into garments, what competitive advantage will remain for low-wage countries like India and Bangladesh?<\/p>\n \n\tThe answer is, there will always be something that can be done better and at least cost in a country like India. The range of things that will fall into this category will depend on the skill levels of our workforce, on the ability of our schools and colleges to cotton on to new requirements in industry, make appropriate changes to the curriculum and train young people with new knowledge and enhanced ability to adapt.<\/p>\n To remain relevant to a new global economy<\/a> with altogether new manufacturing practices driven by new advances in materials, distributed computing and new forms of energy, the country will have to overhaul its education system completely. Quality must improve, and the nature of schooling, change.<\/p>\n \n\tIndia traditionally has focused on mastering existing knowledge, with the implicit assumption that knowledge pre-exists. This outdated view of knowledge must be replaced in our pedagogy, to train children to question what they are taught, to develop critical and creative faculties so as to prepare them to create new knowledge. Not a nano challenge.<\/p>\n \n\ttk.arun@timesgroup.com<\/p>\n<\/body>","next_sibling":[{"msid":50375803,"title":"Xolo sees slumping sales, triggers restructuring and employee exits","entity_type":"ARTICLE","link":"\/news\/xolo-sees-slumping-sales-triggers-restructuring-and-employee-exits\/50375803","category_name":null,"category_name_seo":"telecomnews"}],"related_content":[],"msid":50375863,"entity_type":"ARTICLE","title":"Wrecking tech shift ahead: Opinion","synopsis":"Some technology changes on the horizon could pose a severe challenge for India","titleseo":"telecomnews\/wrecking-tech-shift-ahead-opinion","status":"ACTIVE","authors":[],"Alttitle":{"minfo":""},"artag":false,"artdate":"2015-12-30 08:46:34","lastupd":"2015-12-30 11:00:25","breadcrumbTags":["industry","economy","Solar power","Entrepreneurship","Boeing Dreamliner"],"secinfo":{"seolocation":"telecomnews\/wrecking-tech-shift-ahead-opinion"}}" data-authors="[" "]" data-category-name="" data-category_id="" data-date="2015-12-30" data-index="article_1">
:TK阿伦 技术不断发展,每个人都知道。但有时,进化的规模可以是戏剧性的,深感不安。这样一个范式转变几乎是在美国。行业最好保持谨慎小心。和政府必须准备政策来缓解印度工业的过渡,使它骑新浪潮。这是学术界最大的合作伙伴。 技术正在改变在每个区域。现在特别相关的是技术的变化太阳能发电一代,能量储存、机器人技术、材料科学和纳米技术,后两个是密切相关的。 颠覆性的改变 太阳能发电的成本已经下降年复一年,。斯坦福大学的讲师创业、破坏和清洁能源托尼·西巴预测显著降低太阳能发电的成本在接下来的八年,下面把它传统能源的成本,得益于戏剧性的改善存储技术。 传统上,电池技术吸引了电子行业的利益。近来,汽车和太阳能行业加入了电子投资大量的钱在提高,事实上,彻底改变、存储。不仅会储存力量的有效性和成本完全下降,商业模式的变化将允许任何人购买电池的存储在银行,正如他们购买云数据存储容量。 存储能力和检索它的能力将有很大影响的可行性非常规权力和管理需求高峰。假设这样一种情况:所有或大部分,权力是来自太阳能电池板。这将把煤炭、石油和天然气行业吗? 石油仍然是被汽车,对吗?也许不是。电动汽车不仅成为可行的替代那些运行在内燃机但超过后者范围和性能。电动汽车几乎没有移动部件除了车轮和特斯拉提供了无限的汽车保修。 内燃机的能力将燃料燃烧产生的能量转化为汽车的运动是低得可怜,不到四分之一的电动汽车引擎将电能转化为动能移动车。电动汽车,因此,不仅转变产生的污染而产生的能源,电力,城外也减少,总的来说,创建移动汽车的污染。 简而言之,电动汽车会取代传统汽车,宜早不宜迟。是印度的相当大的汽车零部件行业准备支持这种改变? 它不是。也因为材料的变化,汽车会。宝马最先进的汽车已经由碳——形成一种羊毛纺成纤维和编织进表压为车身部分专业分工的植物在德国,日本和美国。 的波音梦想飞机已经用碳纤维制成的。越来越多的东西都需要光和坚强的意志从金属纳米粒子的碳和其他化合物。 碳纤维的许多新材料,从根本上改变了日常商品的成分。金属与陶瓷颗粒扩散,旨在与金属和非金属化合物在行话称之为添加剂制造,俗称3 d印刷。 印度已经适应 还有机器人的稳步推进。如果机器人可以减少布预排程序的模式以及主裁缝可以和其他机器人可以根据需要针布成的衣服,什么竞争优势仍将低工资国家,如印度和孟加拉国吗? 答案是,总是会有一些可以做的更好,至少在印度这样的国家成本。将属于这一类的东西的范围将取决于我们的员工的技能水平,对我们的学校和学院棉花的能力在行业新的需求,进行适当的修改和新知识课程和培养年轻人和增强适应能力。 保持与一个新的全球有关经济完全新的制造业实践推动了新材料的发展,分布式计算和新形式的能量,这个国家将不得不彻底改革教育体制。质量必须提高,教育的本质,改变。 印度传统上集中在掌握现有的知识,隐含的假设,即知识存在。这种过时的观点的知识必须更换在我们的教学中,训练他们教孩子问题,发展批判性和创造性能力,准备创造新的知识。不是一个纳米的挑战。 tk.arun@timesgroup.com
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Indian industry<\/a> must prepare for a paradigm shift in manufacturing that is on its way - that could sweep swathes of traditional Indian industry into that dustbin of gargantuan appetite, that of history.<\/p>\n
印度行业必须准备一个范式转变制造业正在——可以扫的传统印度工业到垃圾箱的庞大的食欲,历史。
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