消费者信任是采用人工智能的关键
“人工智能有可能使企业确定消费者愿意支付一个给定的产品/服务。这可能会导致价格歧视,通过动态定价,从而消费者福利造成不利影响,”博士说Amar Patnaik MP, BJD。
Tele-Talk新鲜的花,深入分析和观点从受人尊敬的行业领导者
Artificial Intelligence (AI), believed to be the most important innovation after electricity, is an integral part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). While the global AI market rose by 154% in 2019, it is predicted that 80% of emerging technologies will be based on AI by 2021.
Benefits of AI adoption<\/strong>
AI is closely linked with consumer welfare. Consumers are greatly benefited when AI drives innovation to provide novel interactive applications using facial and voice recognition, speech to text (and vice versa) conversions, virtual assistants, etc. to improve the user experience of availing products\/services through price\/product comparison tools and tailored products\/services. It also maximizes efficiency by reducing information asymmetry between the buyer and the seller and optimizes price discovery, thus, leading to wider consumer choice, and better availability\/access to products\/services. In addition, it enhances convenience by enabling smart appliances\/machines, such as robotic lawnmowers and vacuum cleaners, smart plan watering systems, and other smart home appliances.
It is also known to be having the potential to drive effective delivery of public services, such as those pertaining to healthcare and education, among others. For instance, AI is being extensively used in finding public health solutions for Covid-19, including drugs and vaccines, apart from its use in tracking and tracing.
Problems in the adoption of AI<\/strong>
However, consumers also bear the brunt of its misuse. Firstly, AI systems rely on processing big data sets, which contain a mix of personal data, sensitive personal data, community data, and non-personal data. Many times, such data is prone to breaches and privacy violations. Since the Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 is yet to be passed (despite having its many demerits), there exists a void in regulations governing non-personal data and community data.
Secondly, AI systems are only as good as the data they process. Biased data sets on grounds of race, gender, income, etc. are known to lead to biased AI decision- making leading to discrimination and prejudice towards a certain class of consumers.
Thirdly, AI has the potential to enable businesses to ascertain consumers\u2019 willingness to pay for a given product\/service. This may lead to price discrimination, through dynamic pricing, thereby adversely impacting consumer welfare. Also, businesses, empowered with AI, can assess consumer preferences and behavior to orchestrate personalized advertisements, offers, and inducements, which although sometimes beneficial for consumers, can also lead to unduly influencing the choices and reactions of the consumers. This may lead to consumers losing absolute control over their purchase decisions.
Lastly, there are also risks of market collusion (tacitly) between close competitors, leading to loss of choice and higher prices for consumers by the violation of competition laws.
These risks arise because while AI makes predictions for consumers based on their data, but it functions within a \u2018blackbox\u2019. This \u2018blackbox\u2019 creates information asymmetry for consumers in understanding the processes and design of AI mechanisms through which these technologies come to a decision. For example, a consumer might not be able to trust an AI-driven diagnostic tool as it lacks the assurance factor compared to when the same diagnosis is performed by a medical practitioner.
Taken together, such risks are likely to dent consumer trust on AI-driven products\/services. The individual need not be afraid of using AI and in fact, need to have more confidence in AI to ease his living. For this, consumers must be kept at the center of any policy or regulation on AI, including mandatory consultation with consumers in policy\/regulation-making processes to win their trust in the emerging ecosystem.
Regulation of AI to build consumer trust<\/strong>
Hence, there is a need to regulate the adoption and use of AI. But the regulations need to match the pace of the dynamically evolving AI-driven digital technology, particularly since the adoption of AI in India is in its infancy. Regulations must be evidence-based and ensure that costs imposed by proposed regulations do not outweigh the intended benefits. There should be optimal regulations, wherein innovation is encouraged, while also enhancing consumer welfare through protection from its allied risks. Thus, light-touch regulations with elements of self-regulation have to be encouraged.
India requires immediately a data protection law that can manage the potential negative externalities arising from the use of AI and ensure individual privacy. A robust competition policy would also be helpful in minimizing risks. There is already a consumer oversight mechanism prescribed under the recently passed new Consumer Protection Act to provide adequate consumer redress. This oversight mechanism as also the data protection regime should have the structural and functional wherewithal to test any AI technology for trust, fairness, accountability, and transparency. Further, it should be actively educating the consumers about AI processes so that information asymmetry between consumers and the seller is reduced.
Conclusion<\/strong>
On top of all these regulations imposed on businesses, businesses will also need to ensure ethical use of AI and be transparent with their business practices. Else they would not only face the sword of hard regulation in the form of full government control but may also lose consumers' trust. Ethical use of AI can also be promoted through creating impact assessment tools that can measure the effect of AI through a trust index as done in the UK. This will help build more ethical and human-centered AI systems.
(Dr. Amar Patnaik is a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from BJD, Odisha, a former CAG bureaucrat, and heis also a member of JPC on Personal Data Protection Bill 2019. Patnaik has a Masters in Public Management from the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore and the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, and an academic with a Ph.D. in management)
(Udai Mehta, Deputy Executive Director, CUTS International also contributed to this article)<\/em><\/p>","blog_img":"","posted_date":"2020-06-01 16:30:57","modified_date":"2020-06-01 19:15:37","featured":"0","status":"Y","seo_title":"Consumers trust is the key to adoption of artificial intelligence","seo_url":"consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence","url":"\/\/www.iser-br.com\/tele-talk\/consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence\/4306","url_seo":"consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence"}">
Artificial Intelligence (AI), believed to be the most important innovation after electricity, is an integral part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). While the global AI market rose by 154% in 2019, it is predicted that 80% of emerging technologies will be based on AI by 2021.Benefits of AI adoption<\/strong>
AI is closely linked with consumer welfare. Consumers are greatly benefited when AI drives innovation to provide novel interactive applications using facial and voice recognition, speech to text (and vice versa) conversions, virtual assistants, etc. to improve the user experience of availing products\/services through price\/product comparison tools and tailored products\/services. It also maximizes efficiency by reducing information asymmetry between the buyer and the seller and optimizes price discovery, thus, leading to wider consumer choice, and better availability\/access to products\/services. In addition, it enhances convenience by enabling smart appliances\/machines, such as robotic lawnmowers and vacuum cleaners, smart plan watering systems, and other smart home appliances.
It is also known to be having the potential to drive effective delivery of public services, such as those pertaining to healthcare and education, among others. For instance, AI is being extensively used in finding public health solutions for Covid-19, including drugs and vaccines, apart from its use in tracking and tracing.
Problems in the adoption of AI<\/strong>
However, consumers also bear the brunt of its misuse. Firstly, AI systems rely on processing big data sets, which contain a mix of personal data, sensitive personal data, community data, and non-personal data. Many times, such data is prone to breaches and privacy violations. Since the Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 is yet to be passed (despite having its many demerits), there exists a void in regulations governing non-personal data and community data.
Secondly, AI systems are only as good as the data they process. Biased data sets on grounds of race, gender, income, etc. are known to lead to biased AI decision- making leading to discrimination and prejudice towards a certain class of consumers.
Thirdly, AI has the potential to enable businesses to ascertain consumers\u2019 willingness to pay for a given product\/service. This may lead to price discrimination, through dynamic pricing, thereby adversely impacting consumer welfare. Also, businesses, empowered with AI, can assess consumer preferences and behavior to orchestrate personalized advertisements, offers, and inducements, which although sometimes beneficial for consumers, can also lead to unduly influencing the choices and reactions of the consumers. This may lead to consumers losing absolute control over their purchase decisions.
Lastly, there are also risks of market collusion (tacitly) between close competitors, leading to loss of choice and higher prices for consumers by the violation of competition laws.
These risks arise because while AI makes predictions for consumers based on their data, but it functions within a \u2018blackbox\u2019. This \u2018blackbox\u2019 creates information asymmetry for consumers in understanding the processes and design of AI mechanisms through which these technologies come to a decision. For example, a consumer might not be able to trust an AI-driven diagnostic tool as it lacks the assurance factor compared to when the same diagnosis is performed by a medical practitioner.
Taken together, such risks are likely to dent consumer trust on AI-driven products\/services. The individual need not be afraid of using AI and in fact, need to have more confidence in AI to ease his living. For this, consumers must be kept at the center of any policy or regulation on AI, including mandatory consultation with consumers in policy\/regulation-making processes to win their trust in the emerging ecosystem.
Regulation of AI to build consumer trust<\/strong>
Hence, there is a need to regulate the adoption and use of AI. But the regulations need to match the pace of the dynamically evolving AI-driven digital technology, particularly since the adoption of AI in India is in its infancy. Regulations must be evidence-based and ensure that costs imposed by proposed regulations do not outweigh the intended benefits. There should be optimal regulations, wherein innovation is encouraged, while also enhancing consumer welfare through protection from its allied risks. Thus, light-touch regulations with elements of self-regulation have to be encouraged.
India requires immediately a data protection law that can manage the potential negative externalities arising from the use of AI and ensure individual privacy. A robust competition policy would also be helpful in minimizing risks. There is already a consumer oversight mechanism prescribed under the recently passed new Consumer Protection Act to provide adequate consumer redress. This oversight mechanism as also the data protection regime should have the structural and functional wherewithal to test any AI technology for trust, fairness, accountability, and transparency. Further, it should be actively educating the consumers about AI processes so that information asymmetry between consumers and the seller is reduced.
Conclusion<\/strong>
On top of all these regulations imposed on businesses, businesses will also need to ensure ethical use of AI and be transparent with their business practices. Else they would not only face the sword of hard regulation in the form of full government control but may also lose consumers' trust. Ethical use of AI can also be promoted through creating impact assessment tools that can measure the effect of AI through a trust index as done in the UK. This will help build more ethical and human-centered AI systems.
(Dr. Amar Patnaik is a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from BJD, Odisha, a former CAG bureaucrat, and heis also a member of JPC on Personal Data Protection Bill 2019. Patnaik has a Masters in Public Management from the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore and the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, and an academic with a Ph.D. in management)
(Udai Mehta, Deputy Executive Director, CUTS International also contributed to this article)<\/em><\/p>","blog_img":"","posted_date":"2020-06-01 16:30:57","modified_date":"2020-06-01 19:15:37","featured":"0","status":"Y","seo_title":"Consumers trust is the key to adoption of artificial intelligence","seo_url":"consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence","url":"\/\/www.iser-br.com\/tele-talk\/consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence\/4306","url_seo":"consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence"}">
人工智能(人工智能),被认为是最重要的创新电力后,是第四次工业革命的一个组成部分(4 ir)。在全球电脑市场在2019年增长了154%,据预测,80%的新兴技术在2021年将基于AI。
的好处人工智能应用
人工智能与消费者福利密切相关。消费者受益匪浅当AI推动创新提供新颖的交互式应用程序使用面部和语音识别,语音文字转换(反之亦然),虚拟助理等改善用户体验的主张通过价格产品/服务/产品比较工具和定制的产品/服务。也最大化效率,减少信息不对称之间的买方和卖方,优化价格发现,因此,导致更广泛的消费者的选择,和更好的可用性/产品/服务的访问。此外,它增强了便利通过启用智能设备/机器,如机器人剪草机和吸尘器、智能灌溉系统计划,和其他智能家电。
也是已知的潜在有效的提供公共服务,如有关医疗和教育,等等。例如,人工智能被广泛用于寻找Covid-19公共卫生解决方案,包括药物和疫苗,除了用于跟踪和跟踪。
采用人工智能的问题
然而,消费者也首当其冲的滥用。首先,人工智能系统依赖于处理大数据集,其中包含个人数据、敏感的个人数据,社区数据,非个人数据。很多时候,这些数据很容易破坏和侵犯隐私。自个人数据保护法案2019年尚未通过(尽管它的许多缺点),存在一个无效的规定非个人数据和社区数据。
其次,人工智能系统仅仅是数据的过程。偏置数据集以种族、性别、收入等已知导致偏见的人工智能决策导致歧视和偏见对一定阶级的消费者。
第三,AI有可能使企业能够确定消费者愿意支付一个给定的产品/服务。这可能导致价格歧视,通过动态定价,从而严重影响消费者的福利。与人工智能业务,授权,可以评估策划个性化广告,消费者的偏好和行为,和诱导,尽管有时对消费者有益,也会导致过度影响消费者的选择和反应。这可能会导致消费者失去绝对控制他们的购买决策。
最后,也有风险的市场密切的竞争对手之间的勾结(默认),导致损失的选择和价格上涨对消费者违反竞争法。
这些风险出现因为AI使得消费者根据他们的预测数据,但它的功能在一个“黑箱”。这个“黑箱”创建了信息不对称对消费者了解人工智能的流程和设计机制通过这些技术来决定。例如,一个消费者可能无法信任一个AI-driven诊断工具,因为它缺乏安全系数相比,当同样的诊断是由一个医生。
综上所述,这种风险可能会削弱消费者信任AI-driven产品/服务。个人不需要害怕使用人工智能实际上,需要更有信心在人工智能来缓解他的生活。为此,消费者必须保持任何政策或法规的中心在AI,包括强制性的政策与消费者协商/规范制订过程赢得他们的信任在新兴的生态系统。
人工智能调节构建消费者信任
因此,有必要规范的采用和使用人工智能。但规定需要匹配动态演进的步伐AI-driven数字技术,特别是采用人工智能在印度处于起步阶段。规定必须以证据为基础的,并确保成本提出规定不超过预期的好处。应该有最佳的规定,鼓励创新,同时也增进消费者福利通过保护从盟军的风险。因此,宽松监管与自律的元素必须被鼓励。
印度需要立即数据保护法律,可以管理的潜在负外部性产生的使用人工智能,确保个人隐私。一个健壮的竞争政策也将有助于减少风险。已经有一个消费者监督机制规定下最近通过了新的消费者保护法案提供足够的消费者赔偿。这种监督机制也数据保护机制应该有结构和功能的必要测试任何人工智能技术为信任、公平、问责和透明度。进一步,应该积极培养消费者对人工智能的过程,这样减少了消费者和销售者之间的信息不对称。
结论
上面所有这些法规强加给企业,企业还需要确保伦理使用AI和与他们的商业行为是透明的。否则他们将不仅面临困难的剑监管的形式完整的政府控制,但也可能失去消费者的信任。伦理使用人工智能还可以促进创建影响评估工具可以测量的影响通过信任指数AI在英国完成。这将有助于建立更多的道德和以人为中心的人工智能系统。
(Amar Patnaik博士是一位国会议员,从BJD Rajya Sabha Odisha,前CAG的官员,和他也JPC成员在个人数据保护法案2019。Patnaik公共管理硕士学位从李光耀公共政策学院,新加坡和肯尼迪政府学院,哈佛大学和学术博士学位管理)
(副执行主任Udai Mehta削减国际也导致这篇文章)
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Benefits of AI adoption<\/strong>
AI is closely linked with consumer welfare. Consumers are greatly benefited when AI drives innovation to provide novel interactive applications using facial and voice recognition, speech to text (and vice versa) conversions, virtual assistants, etc. to improve the user experience of availing products\/services through price\/product comparison tools and tailored products\/services. It also maximizes efficiency by reducing information asymmetry between the buyer and the seller and optimizes price discovery, thus, leading to wider consumer choice, and better availability\/access to products\/services. In addition, it enhances convenience by enabling smart appliances\/machines, such as robotic lawnmowers and vacuum cleaners, smart plan watering systems, and other smart home appliances.
It is also known to be having the potential to drive effective delivery of public services, such as those pertaining to healthcare and education, among others. For instance, AI is being extensively used in finding public health solutions for Covid-19, including drugs and vaccines, apart from its use in tracking and tracing.
Problems in the adoption of AI<\/strong>
However, consumers also bear the brunt of its misuse. Firstly, AI systems rely on processing big data sets, which contain a mix of personal data, sensitive personal data, community data, and non-personal data. Many times, such data is prone to breaches and privacy violations. Since the Personal Data Protection Bill 2019 is yet to be passed (despite having its many demerits), there exists a void in regulations governing non-personal data and community data.
Secondly, AI systems are only as good as the data they process. Biased data sets on grounds of race, gender, income, etc. are known to lead to biased AI decision- making leading to discrimination and prejudice towards a certain class of consumers.
Thirdly, AI has the potential to enable businesses to ascertain consumers\u2019 willingness to pay for a given product\/service. This may lead to price discrimination, through dynamic pricing, thereby adversely impacting consumer welfare. Also, businesses, empowered with AI, can assess consumer preferences and behavior to orchestrate personalized advertisements, offers, and inducements, which although sometimes beneficial for consumers, can also lead to unduly influencing the choices and reactions of the consumers. This may lead to consumers losing absolute control over their purchase decisions.
Lastly, there are also risks of market collusion (tacitly) between close competitors, leading to loss of choice and higher prices for consumers by the violation of competition laws.
These risks arise because while AI makes predictions for consumers based on their data, but it functions within a \u2018blackbox\u2019. This \u2018blackbox\u2019 creates information asymmetry for consumers in understanding the processes and design of AI mechanisms through which these technologies come to a decision. For example, a consumer might not be able to trust an AI-driven diagnostic tool as it lacks the assurance factor compared to when the same diagnosis is performed by a medical practitioner.
Taken together, such risks are likely to dent consumer trust on AI-driven products\/services. The individual need not be afraid of using AI and in fact, need to have more confidence in AI to ease his living. For this, consumers must be kept at the center of any policy or regulation on AI, including mandatory consultation with consumers in policy\/regulation-making processes to win their trust in the emerging ecosystem.
Regulation of AI to build consumer trust<\/strong>
Hence, there is a need to regulate the adoption and use of AI. But the regulations need to match the pace of the dynamically evolving AI-driven digital technology, particularly since the adoption of AI in India is in its infancy. Regulations must be evidence-based and ensure that costs imposed by proposed regulations do not outweigh the intended benefits. There should be optimal regulations, wherein innovation is encouraged, while also enhancing consumer welfare through protection from its allied risks. Thus, light-touch regulations with elements of self-regulation have to be encouraged.
India requires immediately a data protection law that can manage the potential negative externalities arising from the use of AI and ensure individual privacy. A robust competition policy would also be helpful in minimizing risks. There is already a consumer oversight mechanism prescribed under the recently passed new Consumer Protection Act to provide adequate consumer redress. This oversight mechanism as also the data protection regime should have the structural and functional wherewithal to test any AI technology for trust, fairness, accountability, and transparency. Further, it should be actively educating the consumers about AI processes so that information asymmetry between consumers and the seller is reduced.
Conclusion<\/strong>
On top of all these regulations imposed on businesses, businesses will also need to ensure ethical use of AI and be transparent with their business practices. Else they would not only face the sword of hard regulation in the form of full government control but may also lose consumers' trust. Ethical use of AI can also be promoted through creating impact assessment tools that can measure the effect of AI through a trust index as done in the UK. This will help build more ethical and human-centered AI systems.
(Dr. Amar Patnaik is a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from BJD, Odisha, a former CAG bureaucrat, and heis also a member of JPC on Personal Data Protection Bill 2019. Patnaik has a Masters in Public Management from the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore and the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, and an academic with a Ph.D. in management)
(Udai Mehta, Deputy Executive Director, CUTS International also contributed to this article)<\/em><\/p>","blog_img":"","posted_date":"2020-06-01 16:30:57","modified_date":"2020-06-01 19:15:37","featured":"0","status":"Y","seo_title":"Consumers trust is the key to adoption of artificial intelligence","seo_url":"consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence","url":"\/\/www.iser-br.com\/tele-talk\/consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence\/4306","url_seo":"consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence"},img_object:["","retail_files/author_1591008350_37624.jpg"],fromNewsletter:"",newsletterDate:"",ajaxParams:{action:"get_more_blogs"},pageTrackingKey:"Blog",author_list:"Amar Patnaik",complete_cat_name:"Blogs"});" data-jsinvoker_init="_override_history_url = "//www.iser-br.com/tele-talk/consumers-trust-is-the-key-to-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence/4306";">
