Internet of Things (IoT) has a large role to play in future of smart cities which in turn are supposed to be environment friendly. IoT can be used in practically all scenarios for public services by governments to make cities environment friendly. 1TSensor-enabled devices can help monitor the environmental impact on cities, collect details about sewers, air quality, and garbage. Such devices can also help monitor woods, rivers, lakes, and oceans.<\/p>
Many environmental trends are so complex, that they are difficult to conceptualize. IoT is a recent communication paradigm that envisions a near future, in which the objects of everyday life will be equipped with microcontrollers, transceivers for digital communication, and suitable protocol stacks that will enable them to communicate not only with one another but also the users, becoming an integral part of the Internet and the environment.<\/p>
IoT environmental monitoring applications usually use sensors to lend a hand in environmental protection by monitoring air or water quality, atmospheric or soil conditions, and can even include areas like monitoring the movements of wildlife and their habitats. Development of resource constrained devices connected to the Internet also means that other applications such as tsunami or earthquake early warning systems can also reported and used by emergency services to provide effective aid.<\/p>
An urban IoT can provide means to monitor the quality of the air in crowded areas, parks, or fitness trails. The realization of such a service requires that air quality and pollution sensors be deployed across the city and the sensor data be made publicly available to citizens.<\/p>
Due to the vast technological developments in the field of wireless communication technology, it has led to the emergence of many pollution monitoring sensors and wireless networks for monitoring and reporting pollution.<\/p>
From real time monitoring of water quality in the ocean through sensors connected to a buoy that sends information via the GPRS network, to the monitoring of goods being shipped around the world, and smart power grids that create conditions for more rational production planning and consumption can all be achieved via microchips implanted in objects that communicate with each other.<\/p>
Some applications related to the IoT aren\u2019t new: toll collection tags, security access key cards, devices to track stolen cars and various types of identity tags for retail goods and livestock. Other monitoring and tracking systems have more business uses such as solving or averting problems like sending a cell-phone alert to drivers that traffic is backed up at a particular exit ramp, and increasing efficiencies such as enabling a utility to remotely switch off an electric meter in a just-vacated apartment.<\/p>
Some of the key usage of IoT in saving the land from excessive misuse is in adopting SmartFarming. With over 70% cultivable land in India, usage of IoT can greatly benefit the farmers in not only controlling production but also in soil protection. Productive cultivating has an enormous positive effect on nature. Innovation was being utilized to control harvest or nursery water system through sensors. For example programmed water system in Southern California is being conveyed as an approach to battle the intermittent dry seasons giving water as per the states of soil. Associated automatons are likewise being sent in cultivating. Their on-board sensors help ranchers enhance the utilization of composts and plant assurance items other than giving airborne soil condition information to supplement soil sensor data.<\/p>
Another critical usage in is Energy Efficiency. ICT-empowered atmosphere relief procedures could diminish worldwide environmental change 16.5% by 2020 contrasted with current endeavors. No other atmosphere alleviation system is relied upon to be as powerful. These upgrades incorporate Smart Home and Smart Building vitality administration, effective utilization of home machines, keen matrix gadgets, resource following connected to co-ordinations and savvy modern engines that adjust speed dynamically to outline with just a few cases where IoT can play a key role in energy efficiency<\/p>
The energy toll of adding connected device by the million every year is enormous and it cannot be overseen. It is in the interest of everyone moving forward to create an IoT that minimizes energy requirements and environmental impact. In the near future, low-power sensors will be able to work under conditions that surpass current IoT capabilities. Besides working underground or being able to be deployed at a long distance from the nearest antenna, battery life will be extended to last for years, thus reducing the energy impact.<\/p>
For India\u2019s Smart City program to flourish, Waste Management would play a very important role. In the current scenario, waste management process is in shambles and government is struggling to find ways for eco friendly disposal. IoT solutions and devices for waste management revolves around two main benefits: determining the best time to collect waste and figuring out what route trucks should follow. These two advantages can reduce the time it takes to address potential waste build-up problems. In waste disposal, technologies like IoT can help the city administration in controlling the amount of waste that is disposed at regular intervals thereby avoiding build up and using the end residue for other developmental activities like road building or supplying residue gas to power stations etc.<\/p>
In a few years time, water would be the most precious commodity in India. It would be more expensive than Oil and Gold. In India over 70% of the population is employed in agriculture, water management is extremely crucial as water is a scarce commodity. Water management and precision agriculture should almost always be discussed together for a number of reasons.<\/p>
Agriculture is, by far, the biggest user of water in the world. Farmer\u2019s use 70% of the world\u2019s freshwater, but 60% of it is wasted due to leaky irrigation systems, inefficient applications methods and the cultivation of thirsty crops, according to a research done by World Wildlife Fund. The deployment of sensors and actuators provides farmers with increased visibility over their operation, allowing them to optimize water usage and minimize waste by assessing a number of metrics including temperature, water pressure and quality. IoT-enabled water management can also be done on a consumer-level with the installation of smart water sensors in homes and apartments. Those devices, combined with data analytics, can give residents more visibility into the amount of water they use, potentially saving money and conserving this precious resource.<\/p>
Deforestation is another issue that is impacting not only India but the global environment. Here in Drone technology has been used to prevent and fight forest fires, they are also now part of an initiative started by BioCarbon Engineering to replant 1 billion trees lost from deforestation. Currently, more than 6.5 billion trees are lost each year due to human activities and natural disasters, according to the company. At the United Nations Climate Summit, a commitment was made to restore 350 million hectares of degraded and deforested land by 2030 (estimated to require up to 300 billion trees to be planted).<\/p>
BioCarbon Engineering is convinced that goal will not be achievable unless alternative techniques are used for planting and maintenance. Their solution using IoT technologies is threefold: using precision agriculture techniques to increase uptake rates; deploy automated technology to reduce manpower requirements and cost; and deploy drones to determine mapping patters, landscape design and timing.<\/p>
The sensing and connectivity elements of IoT are also being widely used together to prevent and mitigate the effects of natural disasters. Herein countries are using internet to connect thousands of sensors to cloud-based servers. Those sensors are detecting motion close to an earthquakes epicenter and transmitting data out to centers that can issue a warning to residents. Many companies globally are using IoT for damage prevention. For example pressure-sensing electronic probe are designed to detect the levels of resistance required for a user to penetrate the surface of snow-packed ground. That measured level is read almost instantaneously on a liquid crystal display screen and can be used to determine the likelihood of an avalanche.<\/p>
IoT is a technology which not only benefits businesses but is also an eco friendly technology which benefits not only the environment but mankind as whole.<\/p>
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物联网(物联网)有一个很大的作用在未来的智能城市进而应该是环境友好的。物联网可在几乎所有情况下用于公共服务由政府进行城市环境友好。1 tsensor-enabled设备可以帮助监测对城市环境的影响,收集细节下水道,空气质量,和垃圾。这些设备还可以帮助监测森林、河流、湖泊和海洋。
许多环境趋势非常复杂,他们很难概念化。物联网是一个最近的沟通模式,设想一个不久的将来,日常生活的对象将配备微控制器,数字通信的收发器,和合适的协议栈,使他们不仅彼此沟通用户,成为不可分割的一部分,互联网和环境。
物联网环境监测应用程序通常使用传感器来伸出援手的环境保护监测空气或水质量、大气和土壤条件,甚至可以包括等领域监测野生动物及其栖息地的运动。资源受限的设备连接到互联网的发展也意味着其他应用程序如海啸或地震早期预警系统还可以报道和紧急服务用来提供有效的援助。
城市物联网可以提供意味着空气监测的质量在拥挤的地区,公园,或者健身步道。实现这样的服务要求和污染空气质量传感器部署在城市和市民的传感器数据公开。
由于巨大的技术发展领域的无线通信技术,它的出现导致了许多污染监测传感器和无线网络的监测和报告的污染。
从海洋的水质实时监测通过传感器连接到一个发送信息通过GPRS网络的浮标,来监控货物运往世界各地,和智能电网,为更合理的生产计划和消费创造条件都可以通过微芯片植入对象来实现相互通信。
一些应用程序相关的物联网并不新鲜:收费标签、安全访问密钥卡,设备追踪被盗的汽车和各种类型的身份标签对零售商品和牲畜。其他监控和跟踪系统有更多的业务用途如解决或避免问题发送手机提醒司机,交通是备份在一个特定的出口匝道,和提高效率等使一个实用程序远程关掉一个电表暴露的公寓。
一些关键的使用物联网在节约土地在采用SmartFarming过度滥用。在印度超过70%可耕种的土地,使用物联网可以大大受益的农民不仅控制生产,而且在土壤保护。富有成效的培养对自然有着巨大的积极影响。创新是用来控制收获或托儿所水系统通过传感器。例如编程水系统在南加州被传达的方法战斗间歇干燥季节给按美国的土壤水。机器人也同样被发送在培养有关。车载传感器帮助农场主提高堆肥的利用率和工厂保证项目除了提供机载土壤条件信息来补充土壤传感器数据。
另一个重要用途是能源效率。ICT-empowered大气救济程序能削弱全球环境变化16.5%到2020年与当前的努力。没有其他减轻大气系统是依靠强大。这些升级将智能家居和智能建筑的生命力管理,有效利用家里的机器,敏锐的矩阵设备,资源与协调和精明的现代引擎后,调整速度动态轮廓只有少数情况下,物联网可以在能源效率起着关键的作用
添加连接设备的能源人数每年几百万是巨大的和不能监督。是每个人前进的创建一个物联网,最大限度地减少能源需求和环境的影响。在不久的将来,低功耗传感器将能够工作的情况下,超过当前物联网功能。除了工作地下或能够被部署在很长一段距离最近的天线,电池寿命将延长持续多年,从而减少能量的影响。
对印度的智能城市项目蓬勃发展,废物管理将起到非常重要的作用。在当前的场景中,废物管理过程是在混乱和政府正在努力寻找生态友好的处理方式。物联网解决方案和设备废物管理围绕两个主要的好处:确定收集的最佳时间浪费和找出路线卡车应该遵循。这两个优势可以减少所花费的时间解决潜在的废物堆积问题。在废物处理、物联网等技术可以帮助城市政府在控制废物的数量,定期处理从而避免建立和使用其他发育的最终残留道路建设或提供剩余天然气发电站等。
在几年时间内,水会在印度最宝贵的商品。这将是比石油和黄金价格更贵。在印度70%的人口从事农业,水资源管理是极其重要的水是稀缺商品。水资源管理和精准农业几乎总是应该一起讨论的原因。
农业是,到目前为止,世界上最大的水用户。农民用世界上70%的淡水,但60%的浪费是由于漏水的灌溉系统,低效率的应用方法和渴了作物的种植,根据一个研究由世界野生动物基金会。部署的传感器和致动器为农民提供了增加可见性对其操作,允许他们通过评估优化用水,减少污染的指标包括温度、水压力和质量。IoT-enabled水资源管理也可以在完成客户级智能水传感器安装在住宅和公寓。这些设备,结合数据分析,可以给市民更多的可见性的水使用,可能省钱和保护这一珍贵的资源。
森林砍伐是另一个问题,不仅影响印度但全球环境。在无人机技术已经被用于预防和打击森林火灾,他们现在也在生物碳工程资助实施计划开始的一部分重新种植10亿棵树失去了从森林砍伐。目前,每年有超过65亿棵树失去了由于人类活动和自然灾害,据该公司。在联合国气候峰会,承诺恢复了3.5亿公顷的土地退化和砍伐2030(估计需要3000亿棵树种植)。
BioCarbon工程是相信这一目标将无法实现,除非替代技术用于种植和维护。他们的解决方案使用物联网技术有三个层面:使用精准农业技术提高吸收速率;部署自动化技术来减少人力需求和成本;和部署无人机,以确定映射模式,景观设计和时机。
物联网的传感和连接元素也被广泛使用在一起预防和减轻自然灾害的影响。在此国家使用互联网连接成千上万的传感器基于云计算的服务器。这些传感器检测运动接近地震中心和传输数据中心可以向居民发出警告。全球很多公司正在使用预防损伤的物联网。例如感压电子探针设计检测用户所需的水平的抗穿透snow-packed地面的表面。读取测量水平几乎瞬间液晶显示屏幕上,可以用来确定雪崩的可能性。
物联网技术,不仅有利于企业,但也是一个生态友好的技术,不仅有利于环境,人类的整体。
